1
00:01:08,017 --> 00:01:12,558
It may be best to start recalling
the origin of this word.

2
00:01:12,768 --> 00:01:14,850
In Greek, "photo" meaning light.

3
00:01:14,975 --> 00:01:18,975
And "graphein" was writing, drawing.

4
00:01:19,101 --> 00:01:23,433
A photographer is literally
someone drawing with light.

5
00:01:23,643 --> 00:01:28,475
Someone who writes and rewrites
the world with light and shadow.

6
00:01:48,144 --> 00:01:51,101
Sierra Pelada, la pray Mine Brazil,

7
00:01:51,227 --> 00:01:52,768
in front of me.

8
00:01:54,685 --> 00:01:58,559
When I reached the edge of that huge hole

9
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I raised the hair.

10
00:02:02,019 --> 00:02:06,184
I had never seen anything like it.

11
00:02:07,645 --> 00:02:11,685
There, I saw before me in a split second,

12
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the history of mankind.

13
00:02:14,186 --> 00:02:16,685
The history of the
construction of the pyramids,

14
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the Tower of Babel,

15
00:02:18,978 --> 00:02:20,852
King Solomon's Mines.

16
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The sound of a single machine
in there was no sound.

17
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Only you could hear

18
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the murmur of 50,000 people in a big hole.

19
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Conversations, noise, human noise

20
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mixed with touches manuals...

21
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Actually, I have traveled to
the beginning of time there.

22
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I could almost hear the murmur
of gold in those souls.

23
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We had to throw all that land.

24
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Not everything is gold,

25
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They had to climb, get out,
climb the small stairs

26
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then get to the big stairs,

27
00:03:16,022 --> 00:03:17,646
and come to the surface.

28
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You're not thinking of falling.

29
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And if you fall, there is
a risk you take several.

30
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I up several times a day

31
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and it never occurred
to me that I might fall

32
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because no one fell.

33
00:03:48,814 --> 00:03:53,481
We were there to carry bags or
to take pictures, in my case.

34
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The men went up there 50 or 60 times a day.

35
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The only way down an
inclined plane like that

36
00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:11,898
He is running.

37
00:04:12,107 --> 00:04:14,815
Si paras, te caes.

38
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All these people together
formed a very organized world.

39
00:04:28,566 --> 00:04:30,941
But completely crazy.

40
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They may look like slaves,

41
00:04:48,026 --> 00:04:50,191
but there was not a single slave.

42
00:04:50,317 --> 00:04:54,441
If there was slavery there,
it was the desire to be rich.

43
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Everyone wanted to be rich.

44
00:04:59,068 --> 00:05:04,442
There you could find everything:
İntellectuals, lawyers,

45
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Farm employees,

46
00:05:07,610 --> 00:05:10,066
City workers...

47
00:05:10,192 --> 00:05:13,610
They all came to look for an opportunity.

48
00:05:15,610 --> 00:05:19,777
Because when we gave a gold mine,

49
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everyone working in that part of the mine

50
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They had the right to choose a bag.

51
00:05:28,735 --> 00:05:31,568
And in those sacks they had chosen

52
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slavery was hiding.

53
00:05:33,736 --> 00:05:37,818
It could be nothing or
could be a kilo of gold.

54
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At that time they played
their independence.

55
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All men, when they begin to touch the gold,

56
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They do not return.

57
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I saw this picture for the
first time in a gallery,

58
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more than twenty years ago.

59
00:06:06,112 --> 00:06:08,318
I did not know who had taken.

60
00:06:08,737 --> 00:06:14,069
I thought, "He must be a great
photographer and an adventurer."

61
00:06:14,946 --> 00:06:17,319
Behind it was a stamp and a signature.

62
00:06:17,445 --> 00:06:19,778
Sebastião Salgado.

63
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I bought a copy.

64
00:06:23,530 --> 00:06:28,404
The gallery drawer pulled more
photos of the same photographer.

65
00:06:28,655 --> 00:06:31,529
What I saw moved me deeply,

66
00:06:31,655 --> 00:06:34,112
especially this image,

67
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portrait of a blind woman Tuareg.

68
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Even though tears cause I see every day,

69
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So since then, it hangs on my desk.

70
00:06:46,822 --> 00:06:51,155
I knew something of Sebastião Salgado.

71
00:06:51,281 --> 00:06:53,655
Really they cared about people.

72
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This meant a lot to me.

73
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At the end of the day, people
are the salt of the earth.

74
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It was a long time before we met

75
00:07:06,906 --> 00:07:10,906
and we talked about his life, his work
and where it came from everything.

76
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The salt of the earth

77
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We can put many photographers in one place,

78
00:07:50,450 --> 00:07:53,323
always will draw very different pictures

79
00:07:54,408 --> 00:07:57,490
because necessarily come

80
00:07:58,491 --> 00:08:02,366
very very different sites.

81
00:08:03,200 --> 00:08:06,033
Everyone has their way of seeing,

82
00:08:07,367 --> 00:08:10,366
each according to his story.

83
00:08:12,368 --> 00:08:13,492
I think my story

84
00:08:14,867 --> 00:08:19,534
It is that I learned my way
to see here in this place.

85
00:08:21,117 --> 00:08:23,199
Here I have an ideal world.

86
00:08:25,118 --> 00:08:28,075
Took long walks with my father,

87
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through this place, and
we came here to watch.

88
00:08:36,411 --> 00:08:38,450
Behind each of these mountains,

89
00:08:39,202 --> 00:08:41,659
there is a story, there
is something to see.

90
00:08:50,368 --> 00:08:51,785
Here I dreamed a lot.

91
00:08:53,411 --> 00:08:56,660
He wanted to go beyond these
mountains, he wanted to know.

92
00:09:06,578 --> 00:09:10,035
A JOURNEY WITH Sebastiao Salgado

93
00:09:44,038 --> 00:09:49,162
MOUNTAINS OF WEST PAPUA,
INDONESIA, Village Yali, 2011

94
00:13:23,463 --> 00:13:28,379
Sebastião was very bohemian,
was always traveling.

95
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He liked to travel as anyone.

96
00:13:30,927 --> 00:13:32,171
My father was like that.

97
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It was not anywhere. It was like a shuttle.

98
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That was Tiao.

99
00:13:40,255 --> 00:13:42,880
I thought I was in Vitoria, and was here.

100
00:13:43,005 --> 00:13:47,504
O he was in the north, or
making political propaganda.

101
00:13:48,379 --> 00:13:49,379
And as for studies,

102
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if I had not had friends,
he would have studied.

103
00:13:54,714 --> 00:13:59,380
Sebastião was left for studies.
He gave a lot of work.

104
00:13:59,506 --> 00:14:01,547
But he studied economics.

105
00:14:03,382 --> 00:14:05,423
I wanted to do law.

106
00:14:05,458 --> 00:14:07,464
He studied one year, but did not like

107
00:14:08,674 --> 00:14:12,213
and he switched to economics, and did well.

108
00:14:15,631 --> 00:14:17,006
This was Sebastião Salgado,

109
00:14:17,132 --> 00:14:19,297
Father.

110
00:14:19,840 --> 00:14:22,548
He bequeathed his name to his only son,

111
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who, though he remained all
his life a restless traveler,

112
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He benefited from studies that
his father forced him to take

113
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in ways that would never have imagined.

114
00:14:35,425 --> 00:14:40,257
His studies in Economics
endowed him sound knowledge

115
00:14:40,383 --> 00:14:43,673
markets, trade and industry.

116
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So I knew what ruled the world.

117
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For him, all started in Aimorés,
a small town in Brazil.

118
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There the estate of his father
stood under the big sky.

119
00:14:57,841 --> 00:15:00,550
There were vast Atlantic forests.

120
00:15:00,675 --> 00:15:03,966
The river then was still navigable.

121
00:15:04,466 --> 00:15:08,175
But above all, endless
trains were passing by

122
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bursting with minerals, iron ore

123
00:15:11,927 --> 00:15:14,633
going from there to the rest of the world.

124
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At the end of the day, this was and still
is the largest mining area in the world.

125
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That's where Sebastião grew. He was
the only child among seven sisters.

126
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What a life!

127
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Every summer,

128
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He played on the banks of the
Rio Doce, the "sweet river".

129
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That's where we are.

130
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So here we are,

131
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our small crew.

132
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Sebastian, ¿te ahí falls?

133
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I learned one thing.

134
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Having a photographer in front of my camera

135
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It is very different from
shooting anyone else.

136
00:15:51,719 --> 00:15:55,342
Not standing still doing himself.

137
00:15:55,803 --> 00:16:00,552
No. For professional
bias, react and respond

138
00:16:00,886 --> 00:16:03,802
using his weapon, his camera.

139
00:16:04,386 --> 00:16:06,136
Returns the shot.

140
00:16:06,262 --> 00:16:10,386
- Wim, I have a very nice picture of you.
- I will not say it.

141
00:16:10,512 --> 00:16:11,885
I can imagine!

142
00:16:12,178 --> 00:16:15,219
In this case, it was not just me...
fotografiándome

143
00:16:15,345 --> 00:16:16,345
Look at the picture.

144
00:16:16,428 --> 00:16:19,053
Two of us had on target.

145
00:16:19,178 --> 00:16:22,844
The other, my fellow director,
was his eldest son, Julian.

146
00:16:23,345 --> 00:16:27,844
He had already accompanied his father
with his camera on several trips,

147
00:16:27,970 --> 00:16:31,887
as Papua New Guinea, who have already seen.

148
00:16:32,012 --> 00:16:37,304
Or here, to a remote island
north of the East Siberian Sea.

149
00:16:37,430 --> 00:16:39,928
I wish I could join them.

150
00:16:49,388 --> 00:16:54,429
Father and son Salgado invited me to
continue this documentary with them,

151
00:16:54,555 --> 00:16:57,179
I guess to add an external
view of your adventure.

152
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I did not hesitate for a second.

153
00:17:00,264 --> 00:17:02,720
What more could you ask for?

154
00:17:03,846 --> 00:17:06,345
At last I could get to know this man,

155
00:17:06,471 --> 00:17:08,763
discover what motivated him

156
00:17:08,889 --> 00:17:12,638
and why his work had impressed me so much.

157
00:17:13,307 --> 00:17:17,805
I did not know I was going to discover

158
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much more than a photographer.

159
00:17:24,847 --> 00:17:26,806
Sebastião was 15

160
00:17:26,932 --> 00:17:30,431
when he took the train and
went to the small town forever

161
00:17:30,556 --> 00:17:34,056
to attend school in the
provincial capital of Vitoria.

162
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So young, at first did not know what
to do with money in their pockets.

163
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I had never paid any money.

164
00:17:42,014 --> 00:17:44,723
On the farm, which produced all of them.

165
00:17:44,848 --> 00:17:47,681
So, at first, starved,

166
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dreading going to a store
to order something to eat.

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Ignorant of what had become of Sebastião

168
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He had not appeared this girl in your life.

169
00:18:01,516 --> 00:18:02,765
Lelia.

170
00:18:03,309 --> 00:18:06,890
I was 17, I was studying music
and incredibly beautiful.

171
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It was love at first sight.

172
00:18:09,265 --> 00:18:11,140
When Sebastião won a scholarship

173
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to study for a Master in Economics
from the University of Sao Paulo

174
00:18:14,766 --> 00:18:17,183
they moved there and married.

175
00:18:19,892 --> 00:18:21,224
It was the 60,

176
00:18:21,350 --> 00:18:23,974
both they involved in left-wing movements,

177
00:18:24,100 --> 00:18:27,848
as other students in
Paris, Berlin or Chicago.

178
00:18:28,434 --> 00:18:31,808
Brazil was under the rule of a
brutal military dictatorship,

179
00:18:31,933 --> 00:18:36,265
thus, the risk of being arrested,
deported and tortured was constant.

180
00:18:38,601 --> 00:18:40,766
In August 1969,

181
00:18:41,392 --> 00:18:43,934
Sebastian y su Lelia if
marcharon of homeland

182
00:18:44,060 --> 00:18:46,100
and they took a boat to France.

183
00:18:48,060 --> 00:18:51,142
Sebastião while continuing his
training as an economist,

184
00:18:51,351 --> 00:18:53,809
Lélia studying architecture.

185
00:18:53,934 --> 00:18:57,684
A memorable day, she bought
a camera for their work.

186
00:18:57,810 --> 00:19:01,142
And we really had fun
with her was Sebastião.

187
00:19:01,268 --> 00:19:05,171
The first photograph was
taken Lélia, of course.

188
00:19:05,977 --> 00:19:10,434
Sebastião entered the
International Coffee Organization

189
00:19:10,560 --> 00:19:11,893
and they moved to London.

190
00:19:12,018 --> 00:19:14,435
With the idea of ​​a
career in the World Bank,

191
00:19:14,811 --> 00:19:18,893
often he traveled to Africa to
study development projects.

192
00:19:19,019 --> 00:19:20,935
Lélia's camera was taking

193
00:19:21,561 --> 00:19:24,726
and always he returned with many pictures.

194
00:19:26,311 --> 00:19:28,310
Realizing that those pictures

195
00:19:28,437 --> 00:19:32,185
They met him much more
than economic reports,

196
00:19:32,436 --> 00:19:35,560
both took a bold decision.

197
00:19:35,812 --> 00:19:37,769
He had to take the enormous risk

198
00:19:38,562 --> 00:19:42,769
to abandon his promising
career as an economist

199
00:19:43,063 --> 00:19:44,936
to start from scratch.

200
00:19:45,812 --> 00:19:50,519
They returned to Paris and spent
all photographic equipment cost.

201
00:19:51,521 --> 00:19:55,227
For a time, Sebastião tried
photographing sports,

202
00:19:55,354 --> 00:19:58,645
made portraits, weddings and even naked,

203
00:19:58,771 --> 00:20:01,270
before finding his calling.

204
00:20:06,270 --> 00:20:08,353
Those are my first photos.

205
00:20:08,479 --> 00:20:11,562
We were in Tahoua.

206
00:20:12,354 --> 00:20:14,937
Two young mothers queuing

207
00:20:15,271 --> 00:20:18,354
to receive food.

208
00:20:18,480 --> 00:20:23,604
It was a time of great
drought in Niger, 1973.

209
00:20:24,188 --> 00:20:28,729
For Lelia was more difficult
because she was pregnant.

210
00:20:28,855 --> 00:20:32,229
I remember once we were there,

211
00:20:32,647 --> 00:20:36,479
in a friend's house in Niamey.

212
00:20:36,730 --> 00:20:39,521
Then came the marabout of Niamey.

213
00:20:39,647 --> 00:20:44,021
Lélia was wearing shorts, she was gorgeous.

214
00:20:44,897 --> 00:20:48,271
And the marabout came, sat down,

215
00:20:48,398 --> 00:20:50,354
and said Lelia.

216
00:20:50,481 --> 00:20:52,855
"Come out, sit on my lap."

217
00:20:53,981 --> 00:20:55,814
"Oh," I said,

218
00:20:55,940 --> 00:20:59,898
"Marabout sir, there is a small problem,

219
00:21:00,024 --> 00:21:03,730
this woman is pregnant

220
00:21:04,357 --> 00:21:06,064
our first child.

221
00:21:06,190 --> 00:21:09,355
You better stay here."

222
00:21:09,481 --> 00:21:13,356
He understood the need...

223
00:21:15,441 --> 00:21:18,855
the lack of synchronization at that time.

224
00:21:19,106 --> 00:21:22,440
And finally, we talked so much
that it was a kilo of sugar,

225
00:21:22,566 --> 00:21:25,273
as happy as if he had gone with Lelia.

226
00:21:30,233 --> 00:21:34,690
His son Julian was born in Paris in 1974.

227
00:21:34,941 --> 00:21:38,148
There's my future colleague
and co-director.

228
00:21:38,982 --> 00:21:43,649
Lélia continued to support Sebastião
around as a young mother.

229
00:21:43,900 --> 00:21:45,899
He worked hard in their studies

230
00:21:46,024 --> 00:21:49,149
and to present the work
of Sebastião everywhere.

231
00:21:49,275 --> 00:21:52,482
In magazines, newspapers and agencies.

232
00:21:52,859 --> 00:21:53,859
And so,

233
00:21:54,109 --> 00:21:56,732
after some relevant publications,

234
00:21:57,276 --> 00:22:02,733
both they found the courage to conceive
her first major photographic project.

235
00:22:03,442 --> 00:22:07,276
"Other Americas".

236
00:22:08,150 --> 00:22:12,150
It would take Sebastião
throughout South America.

237
00:22:12,609 --> 00:22:14,275
The small Juliano got used

238
00:22:14,401 --> 00:22:17,983
the long absences of her father.

239
00:22:20,234 --> 00:22:23,901
OTHER AMERICAS

240
00:22:25,277 --> 00:22:29,234
After leaving Brazil in 1969,

241
00:22:29,360 --> 00:22:33,359
I started to really miss Latin America.

242
00:22:33,735 --> 00:22:36,233
And I decided to make a trip

243
00:22:36,360 --> 00:22:38,610
to neighboring Brazil.

244
00:22:38,736 --> 00:22:42,610
Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia...

245
00:22:42,903 --> 00:22:47,734
Also it sounded to see
mountains of Latin America.

246
00:22:47,861 --> 00:22:49,443
The Andes.

247
00:22:50,527 --> 00:22:55,819
At that time, Latin America, there
was a profound social upheaval.

248
00:22:56,278 --> 00:22:58,901
Theology of Liberation.

249
00:23:00,153 --> 00:23:04,819
On that trip I met a
young priest in Ecuador,

250
00:23:05,070 --> 00:23:06,860
Gabicho named.

251
00:23:06,986 --> 00:23:11,444
We fear the same age, a young
photographer and a young priest.

252
00:23:11,695 --> 00:23:14,403
He was the one who carried the word of God,

253
00:23:14,528 --> 00:23:20,360
farmers organized into cooperatives,
introducing solidarity.

254
00:23:20,570 --> 00:23:24,279
And when he had all these
communities to reach,

255
00:23:24,404 --> 00:23:27,736
I could make impressive trips.

256
00:23:32,362 --> 00:23:34,986
Here we were more than 3,000 meters.

257
00:23:35,112 --> 00:23:40,403
Sometimes we climbed slopes
of 600 to 700 meters per day.

258
00:23:40,905 --> 00:23:45,029
But I greatly enjoyed
living in this landscape,

259
00:23:45,238 --> 00:23:46,945
in those communities.

260
00:23:49,988 --> 00:23:54,529
These are the Saraguros, a group
of Indians in southern Ecuador.

261
00:23:54,655 --> 00:23:59,655
Very religious, but also
heavy drinkers of alcohol.

262
00:24:00,404 --> 00:24:04,987
More than half of the community,
on weekends, men and women

263
00:24:05,113 --> 00:24:07,404
They are completely drunk.

264
00:24:10,405 --> 00:24:12,488
The farmer left

265
00:24:13,156 --> 00:24:15,738
It called Lupe, Guadalupe.

266
00:24:16,114 --> 00:24:19,905
Lupe was my friend.

267
00:24:20,448 --> 00:24:23,530
At that time, I had very long hair,

268
00:24:23,656 --> 00:24:25,531
blonde and very long.

269
00:24:25,657 --> 00:24:28,863
And he had a big beard, redhead and blonde.

270
00:24:31,365 --> 00:24:33,989
One day we were walking
through the mountains,

271
00:24:34,115 --> 00:24:37,738
He approached me and told me.
"Look, Sebastião,

272
00:24:37,865 --> 00:24:40,781
I know that you have sent from heaven."

273
00:24:40,906 --> 00:24:44,781
Because according to legend Saraguros

274
00:24:44,907 --> 00:24:48,656
the gods, to the image of Christ,

275
00:24:48,782 --> 00:24:53,281
They return to Earth to
see them, to observe

276
00:24:53,407 --> 00:24:55,989
and see who deserved heaven.

277
00:24:56,115 --> 00:25:01,865
While touring the mountains, he took
the opportunity to tell his life.

278
00:25:03,740 --> 00:25:08,739
He firmly believed that I
was there to observe them.

279
00:25:08,865 --> 00:25:12,782
And up there counting their behavior.

280
00:25:16,617 --> 00:25:21,657
I had never seen before, an entire people

281
00:25:21,783 --> 00:25:25,450
another rhythm of time.

282
00:25:26,200 --> 00:25:32,075
The time I spent with Saraguros
seemed a hundred years.

283
00:25:32,201 --> 00:25:34,575
Everything was so slow.

284
00:25:35,117 --> 00:25:39,075
It was another way of
thinking, another speed.

285
00:25:41,243 --> 00:25:44,116
There were fatalism in their faces.

286
00:25:47,702 --> 00:25:50,617
This is in the state of Oaxaca in Mexico,

287
00:25:50,952 --> 00:25:54,366
is a group of peasants called mixes.

288
00:25:56,410 --> 00:26:00,909
There, everything is
medieval, the plow, all...

289
00:26:03,660 --> 00:26:06,534
It was the profound Latin America.

290
00:26:08,286 --> 00:26:11,034
He was a peasant village,

291
00:26:11,952 --> 00:26:16,451
but more important was the
music that community.

292
00:26:16,661 --> 00:26:20,035
It was a people who loved music.

293
00:26:20,953 --> 00:26:26,285
All members of the community
who could play an instrument

294
00:26:26,536 --> 00:26:28,785
They did not need to work.

295
00:26:29,286 --> 00:26:31,410
They worked as musicians.

296
00:26:36,244 --> 00:26:39,077
They let me sleep a few days

297
00:26:39,495 --> 00:26:43,368
in a cement room, very cold,

298
00:26:43,494 --> 00:26:47,618
to see if reluctant, if you
really wanted to stay.

299
00:26:48,245 --> 00:26:50,619
As I managed to resist,

300
00:26:50,745 --> 00:26:53,744
I was taken from there
and took me to a house.

301
00:26:53,870 --> 00:26:56,786
I went more to the community.

302
00:26:56,995 --> 00:26:58,495
And for me it was a pleasure.

303
00:26:58,829 --> 00:27:02,412
We became friends and coexisted
in harmony in the community.

304
00:27:10,412 --> 00:27:14,411
This is in northern Mexico,
are the Tarahumara.

305
00:27:15,205 --> 00:27:19,370
They are great runners are runners.

306
00:27:19,580 --> 00:27:21,412
They walk away.

307
00:27:21,955 --> 00:27:24,870
My God, it was hell follow these aborigines

308
00:27:24,996 --> 00:27:27,954
they were not walking, flying!

309
00:27:36,372 --> 00:27:37,871
This is a Tarahumara,

310
00:27:37,997 --> 00:27:42,621
with his face well marked, well lived.

311
00:27:45,498 --> 00:27:48,871
With her beautiful hair, great hair.

312
00:27:51,165 --> 00:27:54,247
Several times they came to my camera

313
00:27:54,373 --> 00:27:58,831
and they made me feel a sound technician.

314
00:27:59,873 --> 00:28:04,496
They told me things like
I was recording them.

315
00:28:09,873 --> 00:28:14,914
The strength of a portrait
is that in that split second

316
00:28:15,541 --> 00:28:19,914
We understand a little the life
of the person photographed.

317
00:28:20,040 --> 00:28:23,915
The eyes speak volumes, the
expression of the face.

318
00:28:26,166 --> 00:28:29,873
When you do a portrait, is not
you alone who takes the picture.

319
00:28:29,999 --> 00:28:32,373
The person offers photo.

320
00:28:36,999 --> 00:28:39,832
Those trips were very important to me.

321
00:28:41,791 --> 00:28:47,040
To return after years without
stepping on my country, to be here.

322
00:28:47,500 --> 00:28:51,041
The essence was the same, it was
my continent, we were very close.

323
00:28:53,584 --> 00:28:57,916
"Other Americas" led him
to Sebastião eight years.

324
00:28:58,209 --> 00:29:01,250
On this trip to South America deeper

325
00:29:01,375 --> 00:29:05,500
he simply disappeared for long periods.

326
00:29:06,001 --> 00:29:09,750
Julian grew up with a father
who was almost always absent.

327
00:29:10,293 --> 00:29:13,709
His parents could at least correspond.

328
00:29:13,835 --> 00:29:17,959
Clearly this occurred
before the current media.

329
00:29:19,377 --> 00:29:22,334
Each time he returned
home to see his family

330
00:29:22,460 --> 00:29:25,125
and edit your photos with Lelia.

331
00:29:25,376 --> 00:29:28,960
Sebastião seemed like a great
adventurer to his son.

332
00:29:29,086 --> 00:29:32,960
A superhero, rather than a photographer.

333
00:29:33,086 --> 00:29:34,086
I And cut!

334
00:29:35,626 --> 00:29:38,709
I am, thirty years later.

335
00:29:38,835 --> 00:29:42,419
Finally, I joined my father
in one of his missions.

336
00:29:43,085 --> 00:29:44,209
A Wrangel,

337
00:29:44,336 --> 00:29:47,418
a desert island in the Arctic Ocean.

338
00:29:48,336 --> 00:29:50,251
Sebastião hoped to photograph

339
00:29:50,377 --> 00:29:53,168
the last great gathering of walruses.

340
00:29:54,544 --> 00:29:57,376
I wanted to find out who the man was,

341
00:29:57,502 --> 00:30:01,210
the man he had only known as father.

342
00:30:03,212 --> 00:30:09,295
I wanted to find the photographer,
adventurer, for the first time.

343
00:31:33,048 --> 00:31:34,631
Cursed Bear!

344
00:31:34,757 --> 00:31:36,297
We had the bear.

345
00:31:36,423 --> 00:31:40,255
Incredible! It has made everyone
from getting into the water.

346
00:32:19,093 --> 00:32:20,799
What are you thinking?

347
00:32:21,592 --> 00:32:23,550
What are you thinking, Father?

348
00:32:23,801 --> 00:32:28,008
I'm thinking, you know, doing
this will be difficult.

349
00:32:31,342 --> 00:32:32,633
I do not know if it's okay.

350
00:32:48,509 --> 00:32:54,551
It is different when the bear is close,
we can take a picture with him closely.

351
00:32:54,677 --> 00:32:57,008
But with a scenario that is not good.

352
00:32:57,426 --> 00:33:01,175
We have a document of the bear,
but we do not have a photo.

353
00:33:02,010 --> 00:33:04,093
This is not right.

354
00:33:04,970 --> 00:33:07,634
There's nothing behind.

355
00:33:07,760 --> 00:33:11,384
Nothing to frame the photo,
to beautify the landscape.

356
00:33:16,428 --> 00:33:18,802
Not have stock, we have nothing.

357
00:36:53,769 --> 00:36:55,143
Awesome!

358
00:36:55,769 --> 00:36:58,686
The image I had in the
end, are the teeth out,

359
00:36:58,812 --> 00:37:02,061
They could not discern the
shapes of heads, stunning.

360
00:37:02,187 --> 00:37:04,978
Like we were in Dante's Inferno,

361
00:37:05,103 --> 00:37:07,269
with all those teeth,

362
00:37:07,395 --> 00:37:09,560
all these forms... Incredible!

363
00:37:30,771 --> 00:37:34,437
Father, talk to me a little of your 1979?

364
00:37:37,855 --> 00:37:41,645
In 79, Lélia was pregnant,
expecting her second child.

365
00:37:41,771 --> 00:37:43,979
It would be child already knew.

366
00:37:45,855 --> 00:37:48,062
And when Rodrigo was born,

367
00:37:48,188 --> 00:37:53,105
everything was going to be Down syndrome.

368
00:37:53,731 --> 00:37:57,396
It was nice, torn eyes,

369
00:37:57,522 --> 00:38:01,396
and I had the impression that
it was completely normal.

370
00:38:01,522 --> 00:38:03,271
And also Lélia.

371
00:38:03,896 --> 00:38:10,146
The doctor did many tests. Three
weeks await your response.

372
00:38:10,273 --> 00:38:12,396
The day I called the doctor

373
00:38:13,647 --> 00:38:16,481
I felt such a strong tension,

374
00:38:16,606 --> 00:38:19,189
when I saw the answer, I cried.

375
00:38:19,314 --> 00:38:21,313
He could not stop mourn.

376
00:38:26,857 --> 00:38:30,896
My little brother would never
be able to go to school,

377
00:38:31,023 --> 00:38:34,398
or read and write like me.

378
00:38:34,524 --> 00:38:38,523
Rodrigo would be isolated in a world that
we were never going to be able to share.

379
00:38:39,398 --> 00:38:42,272
It was very difficult for my parents.

380
00:38:42,483 --> 00:38:44,607
But then something happened.

381
00:38:45,483 --> 00:38:49,023
Thanks to love, Rodrigo
created his own language.

382
00:38:50,108 --> 00:38:51,108
Slowly,

383
00:38:51,524 --> 00:38:55,398
as a family, we learned to
decipher their emotional alphabet

384
00:38:55,524 --> 00:38:57,939
and communicate without words.

385
00:39:02,274 --> 00:39:06,607
Poce later, my mother, my brother
and I took a plane to Brazil.

386
00:39:06,733 --> 00:39:09,566
The military dictatorship had fallen.

387
00:39:09,692 --> 00:39:15,190
Topic five years and did not understand
how important this trip was going to be.

388
00:39:16,150 --> 00:39:19,483
At one point, a man
climbed one of the blinds

389
00:39:19,609 --> 00:39:23,150
and sunlight flooded the
interior of the aircraft.

390
00:39:23,609 --> 00:39:26,317
A voice echoed in the cabin:

391
00:39:26,442 --> 00:39:28,567
"We are flying over Brazil."

392
00:39:28,692 --> 00:39:32,234
My mother looked out the
window and said nothing.

393
00:39:32,360 --> 00:39:36,942
He was seeing his homeland for
the first time after many years.

394
00:39:37,444 --> 00:39:41,234
It was a moment of happiness,
and yet, when I looked,

395
00:39:41,819 --> 00:39:43,400
I was crying.

396
00:39:46,485 --> 00:39:50,610
My father was in French
Guiana and would come later.

397
00:39:51,901 --> 00:39:55,568
December 31, returning to Brazil.

398
00:39:55,694 --> 00:39:58,776
It was great to get to your country,

399
00:39:59,444 --> 00:40:02,526
After 10 years, half out.

400
00:40:03,527 --> 00:40:07,901
It was shocking. Lelia had left
the Vitoria was not found.

401
00:40:08,737 --> 00:40:12,526
Vitória urbanism had changed.
Everything had changed.

402
00:40:13,652 --> 00:40:15,986
My region had changed.

403
00:40:16,652 --> 00:40:21,569
I met again with my parents.
The I left young and strong.

404
00:40:21,778 --> 00:40:26,319
On returning I found an old man.
My father was very old.

405
00:40:27,195 --> 00:40:28,486
But, at that time,

406
00:40:28,612 --> 00:40:32,110
I wanted to see Brazil further.

407
00:40:32,945 --> 00:40:35,069
My sister gave me a car

408
00:40:36,278 --> 00:40:39,652
and I traveled for six months
in the northeast of Brazil.

409
00:40:39,779 --> 00:40:41,777
He did not know the northeast.

410
00:40:41,904 --> 00:40:45,237
He had always dreamed
of northeastern Brazil.

411
00:41:07,946 --> 00:41:10,778
I met these people on a funeral.

412
00:41:11,447 --> 00:41:15,696
I parked on the side of the
road and went with them.

413
00:41:17,904 --> 00:41:22,654
Infant mortality was very high
in the northeast of Brazil.

414
00:41:23,155 --> 00:41:26,821
These are children who died before baptism.

415
00:41:28,656 --> 00:41:31,947
It is believed that unbaptized children

416
00:41:32,655 --> 00:41:35,947
They have no right to go to heaven.

417
00:41:36,364 --> 00:41:40,904
They stay in a region between
both worlds, called limbo.

418
00:41:42,406 --> 00:41:46,947
Children buried with his eyes
closed, they were baptized.

419
00:41:47,073 --> 00:41:48,739
If his eyes were open...

420
00:41:48,865 --> 00:41:52,280
and they buried him to find his way.

421
00:41:52,406 --> 00:41:57,115
Otherwise, it was wandering for eternity.

422
00:42:05,449 --> 00:42:09,823
At that time, the coffins
were rented in the church.

423
00:42:09,949 --> 00:42:12,406
Rent the coffin was cheaper.

424
00:42:13,074 --> 00:42:16,406
The same coffin was used dozens of times.

425
00:42:23,075 --> 00:42:27,324
This is perfectly seen
the coffins to rent...

426
00:42:30,075 --> 00:42:32,157
and these are shoes.

427
00:42:32,283 --> 00:42:36,699
He sold everything: Shoes,
coffins, bananas, vegetables,

428
00:42:36,908 --> 00:42:39,741
ice cream, all...

429
00:42:40,658 --> 00:42:46,324
It is an area of ​​the world where
life and death are very close.

430
00:42:49,826 --> 00:42:54,075
Here is a prayer group

431
00:42:54,201 --> 00:42:57,782
exerting political work at the same time.

432
00:42:58,534 --> 00:43:02,032
In Brazil, we had and still have

433
00:43:02,159 --> 00:43:05,242
a great movement of landless peasants.

434
00:43:05,451 --> 00:43:10,033
Many of them, the majority come from here.

435
00:43:10,826 --> 00:43:13,408
Proviene del northeast of Brazil.

436
00:43:20,285 --> 00:43:21,285
They are people

437
00:43:21,660 --> 00:43:24,284
a great moral force,

438
00:43:24,410 --> 00:43:26,868
great physical strength,

439
00:43:26,995 --> 00:43:31,951
despite being very fragile
because they eat poorly.

440
00:43:32,660 --> 00:43:36,618
Look at the dryness of the area.
It is very dry.

441
00:43:37,327 --> 00:43:41,409
Why so, we have a piece
of Sahel here in Brazil.

442
00:43:44,411 --> 00:43:46,368
And here in the street,

443
00:43:46,494 --> 00:43:49,619
people leave for good.

444
00:43:49,954 --> 00:43:52,995
Sometimes the land is so dry, so hard,

445
00:43:53,121 --> 00:43:55,702
people migrate to cities in the south.

446
00:43:55,828 --> 00:43:58,994
They give up, leave the land.

447
00:44:20,247 --> 00:44:21,994
FARM SALGALO

448
00:44:21,995 --> 00:44:24,121
MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

449
00:44:26,579 --> 00:44:28,620
We have spent many years
suffering a shortage of rain.

450
00:44:42,705 --> 00:44:47,829
Here we had many cattle.

451
00:44:47,955 --> 00:44:50,205
Now we have nothing, it's over.

452
00:44:51,248 --> 00:44:53,265
The drought was great.

453
00:44:53,300 --> 00:44:57,400
He finished with pastures, ended income.

454
00:44:57,955 --> 00:44:59,788
How it ended, Grandpa? Why it's over?

455
00:44:59,914 --> 00:45:01,805
It ended because of the drought.

456
00:45:04,414 --> 00:45:08,789
He stood around, but no
one saw or a grass grow.

457
00:45:08,914 --> 00:45:10,956
Now we just have time.

458
00:45:11,623 --> 00:45:13,830
Between your father and I,

459
00:45:13,956 --> 00:45:16,955
20,000 invested in that.

460
00:45:17,498 --> 00:45:18,623
Where you are?

461
00:45:20,581 --> 00:45:22,539
Here he abounded all.

462
00:45:23,164 --> 00:45:27,664
There were many birds many sparrows.

463
00:45:28,082 --> 00:45:31,665
Canarios, tico-ticos,

464
00:45:32,457 --> 00:45:33,956
zorzales...

465
00:45:35,415 --> 00:45:39,164
There on the hill, there was a good kill.

466
00:45:39,290 --> 00:45:43,248
And in that summit also
he had a very good head.

467
00:45:44,082 --> 00:45:46,874
There is much erosion.

468
00:45:47,000 --> 00:45:48,801
Now, for example, the land is bonded.

469
00:45:48,915 --> 00:45:53,155
If rains come, there no grass, nothing,

470
00:45:53,190 --> 00:45:57,290
to hold, cause a disaster.

471
00:45:58,208 --> 00:46:00,166
I have no idea...

472
00:46:00,167 --> 00:46:03,730
to know how to stop erosion.

473
00:46:12,417 --> 00:46:15,500
He grandfather, he was
in the hacienda happy?

474
00:46:15,626 --> 00:46:16,626
What?

475
00:46:16,751 --> 00:46:19,500
If I was in this hacienda happy?

476
00:46:21,667 --> 00:46:22,959
¿Si was happy?

477
00:46:23,126 --> 00:46:25,958
I was happy to have my children.

478
00:46:26,084 --> 00:46:28,666
I raised all, seven women,

479
00:46:29,209 --> 00:46:31,708
with six career as Tiao.

480
00:46:31,834 --> 00:46:34,958
I raised my children here with difficulty.

481
00:46:35,377 --> 00:46:36,667
I was happy.

482
00:46:40,043 --> 00:46:41,682
Only wood I took over a hundred contos

483
00:46:44,252 --> 00:46:46,459
to take my children to school.

484
00:46:46,585 --> 00:46:49,960
All were raised with good nutrition

485
00:46:50,086 --> 00:46:52,251
with good clothes.

486
00:46:57,919 --> 00:47:02,168
Since I arrived in Brazil, the
land of my grandfather have been.

487
00:47:02,544 --> 00:47:05,835
Burned and dry.

488
00:47:06,294 --> 00:47:11,168
When Sebastião returned to the farm after
traveling the northeast of Brazil,

489
00:47:11,294 --> 00:47:15,293
the place had nothing to do with
paradise he remembered as a child.

490
00:47:15,712 --> 00:47:18,918
But he worried about something else.

491
00:47:19,044 --> 00:47:22,627
The suffering he saw, changed.

492
00:47:23,378 --> 00:47:26,835
His role as a photographer
took on new meaning.

493
00:47:26,962 --> 00:47:30,003
We understood how important
it was for him to leave.

494
00:47:31,711 --> 00:47:37,419
She missed him terribly, but I understood.

495
00:47:46,170 --> 00:47:48,961
Sahel, THE END OF THE ROAD 1984-1986

496
00:47:49,087 --> 00:47:53,295
For his next project, which
would lead to Sahel in Africa,

497
00:47:53,420 --> 00:47:57,255
Sebastião began working with MSF.

498
00:48:02,630 --> 00:48:05,755
I worked in Ethiopia in 1984.

499
00:48:06,756 --> 00:48:11,462
And then I continued throughout
the Sahel, 85 and 86.

500
00:48:11,713 --> 00:48:15,630
Finally, spend nearly two
years in a row in this region

501
00:48:15,757 --> 00:48:19,088
doing a story about hunger.

502
00:48:22,464 --> 00:48:24,505
There was a refugee camp,

503
00:48:24,631 --> 00:48:27,796
the largest in the history
of mankind so far.

504
00:48:28,047 --> 00:48:31,213
I had a wild desire to show that.

505
00:48:31,340 --> 00:48:35,338
To show that there was a
large part of humanity

506
00:48:35,590 --> 00:48:38,422
He is living in poverty.

507
00:48:38,839 --> 00:48:42,631
Which it was mostly a problem of deals

508
00:48:42,883 --> 00:48:46,422
not just a question of natural disasters.

509
00:48:49,173 --> 00:48:51,881
It was a Coptic region

510
00:48:52,006 --> 00:48:56,089
They are Christians in northern Ethiopia,

511
00:48:56,215 --> 00:48:58,548
of tremendous humility.

512
00:48:58,882 --> 00:49:01,631
They are unable, even with
a child about to die,

513
00:49:01,757 --> 00:49:04,422
to take the lead of others.

514
00:49:04,548 --> 00:49:06,464
They prefer to wait.

515
00:49:13,049 --> 00:49:15,548
Look at the state are.

516
00:49:17,424 --> 00:49:21,258
In that state, one does not stand long.

517
00:49:21,674 --> 00:49:25,298
In those fields hunger killed many lives.

518
00:49:25,841 --> 00:49:29,090
Causes physical discomfort,

519
00:49:29,216 --> 00:49:32,174
but other diseases that they kill.

520
00:49:34,300 --> 00:49:38,632
If we take the anger, we
become dehydrated quickly.

521
00:49:38,758 --> 00:49:43,174
We can lose up to 12 liters of
fluid a day due to diarrhea

522
00:49:43,634 --> 00:49:46,090
and die in two or three days.

523
00:49:51,092 --> 00:49:53,258
So young faces

524
00:49:54,301 --> 00:49:58,259
and so aged by suffering.

525
00:49:58,676 --> 00:50:02,009
If you look at the front,
it is not elderly,

526
00:50:02,135 --> 00:50:05,841
it has aged are the eyes, which are empty.

527
00:50:06,093 --> 00:50:09,217
Look how young he is. Look at your baby.

528
00:50:09,760 --> 00:50:11,675
He was her husband.

529
00:50:16,344 --> 00:50:19,926
During the night because of the
cold, many deaths they occur.

530
00:50:23,468 --> 00:50:27,425
Dying here is like a continuation of life.

531
00:50:27,551 --> 00:50:30,093
People get used to die.

532
00:50:31,844 --> 00:50:35,052
A husband to his wife washed before burial.

533
00:50:38,262 --> 00:50:42,594
With mountain clothes,
dressed in goatskins.

534
00:50:46,470 --> 00:50:48,344
A pretty young woman.

535
00:50:54,053 --> 00:50:56,302
According to Coptic beliefs,

536
00:50:56,428 --> 00:51:00,344
the body must be clean for
the encounter with God.

537
00:51:00,470 --> 00:51:03,636
It should be washed, wash it all

538
00:51:04,262 --> 00:51:06,678
although water is scarce.

539
00:51:10,471 --> 00:51:14,344
Every person killed is a piece
of the world that dies.

540
00:51:22,596 --> 00:51:26,012
A father prepares his son for burial,

541
00:51:26,138 --> 00:51:28,637
to say the last goodbye.

542
00:51:31,888 --> 00:51:34,512
Usually it is the family
that prepares its dead.

543
00:51:42,640 --> 00:51:44,387
And know that the government

544
00:51:44,513 --> 00:51:49,429
retains food, not allowed
to reach the population

545
00:51:49,555 --> 00:51:52,513
as happened there,

546
00:51:52,639 --> 00:51:55,180
in that field in northern Ethiopia...

547
00:51:55,598 --> 00:51:59,971
It was a brutal political dishonesty.

548
00:52:11,806 --> 00:52:14,597
Ethiopia Tigray Region, 1984

549
00:52:14,973 --> 00:52:19,555
I returned to Ethiopia in late 1984.

550
00:52:19,931 --> 00:52:24,597
By then, the guerrillas realized that the
government was plundering the region.

551
00:52:24,723 --> 00:52:27,848
They began to send people to Sudan.

552
00:52:28,432 --> 00:52:31,640
They went through the region of Tigray.

553
00:52:35,391 --> 00:52:37,931
There was an attack by two helicopters.

554
00:52:38,057 --> 00:52:41,766
They were Mi-24 combat
helicopters very fast.

555
00:52:41,891 --> 00:52:44,431
They shot people with machine guns.

556
00:52:45,807 --> 00:52:48,307
I took a picture and ran.

557
00:52:52,183 --> 00:52:54,599
Many pregnant women walked

558
00:52:54,725 --> 00:53:00,306
hoping to be able to eat and drink water

559
00:53:00,433 --> 00:53:03,141
to reach the promised land.

560
00:53:07,183 --> 00:53:09,599
I had to go there

561
00:53:10,600 --> 00:53:12,807
at least two more months.

562
00:53:13,184 --> 00:53:15,557
And when I arrived in Sudan,

563
00:53:15,767 --> 00:53:19,057
I had a lot of work with the
arrival of these people.

564
00:53:23,309 --> 00:53:25,808
This man came from Ethiopia.

565
00:53:25,934 --> 00:53:29,308
His son was exhausted, perhaps dead,

566
00:53:29,434 --> 00:53:31,725
but the man was carrying.

567
00:53:31,851 --> 00:53:35,059
When he got to the doctors
the child was dead,

568
00:53:36,684 --> 00:53:39,018
after so much walking.

569
00:53:47,519 --> 00:53:50,726
We had to decamp from MSF.

570
00:53:51,019 --> 00:53:54,142
Water is essential in these camps

571
00:53:54,268 --> 00:53:56,059
and it was becoming a big problem.

572
00:53:56,185 --> 00:53:59,434
You had to move as quickly as possible.

573
00:54:03,770 --> 00:54:07,726
They piled into the trucks
of the United Nations

574
00:54:07,978 --> 00:54:11,435
to take them to another camp,

575
00:54:11,645 --> 00:54:14,935
a beautiful and fertile land

576
00:54:15,187 --> 00:54:17,727
on the banks of the Blue Nile.

577
00:54:18,645 --> 00:54:22,852
I did about 300, 400 kilometers
aboard these trucks.

578
00:54:26,729 --> 00:54:28,936
Two of my friends truck,

579
00:54:29,062 --> 00:54:33,228
They acted as if it were a
Sunday afternoon either,

580
00:54:33,354 --> 00:54:36,935
and they were telling stories under a tree.

581
00:54:40,646 --> 00:54:43,895
Being close to the Nile, we had water.

582
00:54:44,021 --> 00:54:47,771
But here people died

583
00:54:48,021 --> 00:54:49,936
because there was no food.

584
00:54:50,229 --> 00:54:53,228
They reached the edge of poverty.

585
00:54:56,980 --> 00:55:01,312
They forgot or could not bring food.

586
00:55:01,438 --> 00:55:04,229
There was a disorganization of food.

587
00:55:04,355 --> 00:55:06,562
They said there was, that there was.

588
00:55:06,688 --> 00:55:09,522
And when I got here there was nothing.

589
00:55:20,939 --> 00:55:23,063
Me fui a Mali.

590
00:55:23,899 --> 00:55:26,730
Here too there was a great drought.

591
00:55:28,481 --> 00:55:31,688
The skin of the people were
like the bark of trees.

592
00:55:32,023 --> 00:55:35,772
Trees marked by wind and sand,

593
00:55:36,190 --> 00:55:39,481
by sandstorms.

594
00:55:49,440 --> 00:55:51,605
There were only women and children.

595
00:55:51,857 --> 00:55:54,481
The men went to Libya to work,

596
00:55:54,607 --> 00:55:59,814
or they migrated to Ivory
Coast in search of work

597
00:55:59,940 --> 00:56:03,732
with the promise to return and
bring food for the family.

598
00:56:03,858 --> 00:56:06,315
But very few returned.

599
00:56:16,358 --> 00:56:18,648
All were safe

600
00:56:18,775 --> 00:56:21,649
because MSF did a great job.

601
00:56:21,775 --> 00:56:24,899
They brought aid to the region.

602
00:56:27,650 --> 00:56:31,232
This is a friend, Luc, a Belgian doctor.

603
00:56:31,900 --> 00:56:36,899
It is measuring and weighing the child.

604
00:56:39,151 --> 00:56:42,733
After 15, 20 days, they were
unrecognizable, healthier.

605
00:56:42,859 --> 00:56:45,565
But they were scarred for life

606
00:56:45,691 --> 00:56:50,066
because they lacked things during growth.

607
00:56:55,401 --> 00:56:57,066
This kid was alone,

608
00:56:57,777 --> 00:57:00,984
with his little guitar in hand,

609
00:57:01,109 --> 00:57:04,651
He is carrying the remains of a shirt,

610
00:57:04,985 --> 00:57:06,735
but not wearing pants.

611
00:57:08,068 --> 00:57:12,068
Watch her determination, her posture.

612
00:57:12,194 --> 00:57:15,526
He is someone who knows where it goes.

613
00:57:15,652 --> 00:57:20,193
Looking for other groups of people,

614
00:57:21,027 --> 00:57:22,318
with your dog...

615
00:57:22,444 --> 00:57:25,278
A boy of eight, nine years.

616
00:57:30,944 --> 00:57:33,611
Sebastian is encariñó

617
00:57:33,737 --> 00:57:36,943
with the people of the Sahel region.

618
00:57:37,069 --> 00:57:39,111
Again and again.

619
00:57:40,778 --> 00:57:45,318
Photos, the book and the
exhibition of Lélia

620
00:57:45,444 --> 00:57:48,112
They called the world's
attention on droughts,

621
00:57:48,237 --> 00:57:50,403
and the fate of millions of lives.

622
00:57:50,820 --> 00:57:55,069
And unanswered questions about
the cause of that situation.

623
00:57:57,112 --> 00:58:01,695
Then Sebastião turned to a topic
that he spent another six years

624
00:58:01,820 --> 00:58:06,029
and countless trips to
almost thirty countries.

625
00:58:06,196 --> 00:58:07,486
WORKERS

626
00:58:07,612 --> 00:58:12,796
The third volume of photographs
conceived with Lélia.

627
00:58:12,820 --> 00:58:16,445
I wanted to pay a kind of homage

628
00:58:16,987 --> 00:58:20,904
all men and women who built our world.

629
00:58:21,913 --> 00:58:24,408
The archeology of the industrial era.

630
00:58:26,113 --> 00:58:28,237
Sebastian y Lelia investigaron

631
00:58:28,363 --> 00:58:31,029
and planned "Workers" meticulously.

632
00:58:31,739 --> 00:58:35,779
Then he again traveled to the
four corners of the world.

633
00:58:37,946 --> 00:58:40,228
He photographed steelworkers
in the Soviet Union,

634
00:58:40,447 --> 00:58:42,322
he lived with saboteurs
ships in Bangladesh,

635
00:58:42,946 --> 00:58:45,946
sailed with fishermen
in Galicia and Sicily,

636
00:58:46,403 --> 00:58:49,238
He showed the mechanical
production of cars in Kolkata.

637
00:58:49,531 --> 00:58:51,655
He watched farmers in Rwanda,

638
00:58:51,781 --> 00:58:54,822
country had already visited,
but as an economist.

639
00:58:55,406 --> 00:58:57,822
Now the mission was another.

640
00:58:57,990 --> 00:59:01,738
His perspective had changed,
but he was the same.

641
00:59:02,074 --> 00:59:05,863
Driven by the same empathy
for the human condition.

642
00:59:06,407 --> 00:59:09,198
With each episode of "workers"

643
00:59:09,663 --> 00:59:11,781
Sebastião was completely submerged

644
00:59:12,907 --> 00:59:15,321
in the field of manual labor.

645
00:59:15,448 --> 00:59:18,906
As the weeks passed with miners in
the gold mines of Serra Pelada.

646
00:59:21,152 --> 00:59:26,493
In 1991, at the end of the first Gulf War,

647
00:59:26,528 --> 00:59:28,032
Iraqi troops withdrew

648
00:59:28,157 --> 00:59:31,753
and Saddam Hussein set fire
to thousands of oil wells.

649
00:59:32,241 --> 00:59:37,323
Thousands of firefighters from around the
world descended on those oil fields.

650
00:59:37,616 --> 00:59:40,741
Sebastião had to go too,

651
00:59:40,867 --> 00:59:44,741
driven by curiosity of
this explosive profession.

652
00:59:53,575 --> 00:59:56,698
When I saw the first images on TV,

653
00:59:57,659 --> 01:00:01,074
I knew I had to do that report.

654
01:00:02,450 --> 01:00:05,866
It was like working in a big theater.

655
01:00:06,410 --> 01:00:08,699
Some 500 wells on fire.

656
01:00:08,825 --> 01:00:13,241
A scene set in huge, the size of a planet.

657
01:00:13,535 --> 01:00:17,867
No controlled us, we could
go where we wanted.

658
01:00:19,368 --> 01:00:23,534
There were fumes, thick smoke, oil.

659
01:00:24,118 --> 01:00:28,825
All that accumulated smoke was so
dense that the sun did not pass.

660
01:00:29,286 --> 01:00:35,742
Sometimes it was dark 24 hours.

661
01:00:41,911 --> 01:00:44,075
After putting out the fire

662
01:00:44,201 --> 01:00:47,160
the ground was so hot,

663
01:00:47,286 --> 01:00:51,451
I had to throw a lot of water for cooling,

664
01:00:51,577 --> 01:00:56,244
if not, the temperature was
so high that oil burn again.

665
01:00:57,619 --> 01:00:59,327
Still, sometimes,

666
01:00:59,452 --> 01:01:03,661
There was an explosion that
sounded like a cannon.

667
01:01:04,662 --> 01:01:06,910
The noise was deafening.

668
01:01:07,036 --> 01:01:10,869
It was like working near
the engine of a plane.

669
01:01:11,536 --> 01:01:13,701
Today I'm a little deaf.

670
01:01:13,995 --> 01:01:16,286
My deafness began then.

671
01:01:33,121 --> 01:01:34,452
These are Canadians,

672
01:01:34,579 --> 01:01:37,245
The Calgary Fire Department.

673
01:01:38,871 --> 01:01:41,453
They brought a nice red truck.

674
01:01:41,579 --> 01:01:45,038
And they had a rule: After
putting out the fire,

675
01:01:45,163 --> 01:01:48,328
I had to wash the truck every night.

676
01:01:48,454 --> 01:01:51,787
The next morning, returned
to be covered in oil.

677
01:01:57,580 --> 01:01:59,788
A hell of a job!

678
01:02:03,080 --> 01:02:05,038
I delayed my departure at
least two or three times.

679
01:02:06,789 --> 01:02:08,663
Until the day I had to leave.

680
01:02:08,789 --> 01:02:12,039
It broke my heart

681
01:02:12,165 --> 01:02:15,538
having to leave such a huge show.

682
01:02:17,873 --> 01:02:19,788
I turned around,

683
01:02:19,914 --> 01:02:22,455
until near the end,

684
01:02:22,748 --> 01:02:26,622
when we passed a big wall.

685
01:02:26,748 --> 01:02:30,247
That day was a reporter
for the New York Times.

686
01:02:30,956 --> 01:02:35,289
It was no longer anyone's territory.
The war had destroyed everything.

687
01:02:35,706 --> 01:02:37,455
We broke the door.

688
01:02:37,706 --> 01:02:39,123
Upon entering,

689
01:02:39,915 --> 01:02:42,455
a species discovered

690
01:02:42,581 --> 01:02:44,039
Paradise

691
01:02:44,166 --> 01:02:46,205
become a hell.

692
01:02:46,831 --> 01:02:50,914
It was a kind of Garden of
the royal family of Kuwait.

693
01:02:52,290 --> 01:02:55,205
There were horses, thoroughbreds,

694
01:02:55,540 --> 01:02:59,166
they had gone completely mad.

695
01:03:00,291 --> 01:03:03,915
The animals are the first to
escape before a catastrophe,

696
01:03:04,041 --> 01:03:06,581
if they are free to escape.

697
01:03:06,916 --> 01:03:09,124
But there they were not.

698
01:03:10,208 --> 01:03:13,165
Birds found there, it was an oasis.

699
01:03:13,292 --> 01:03:15,499
Everything was well irrigated.

700
01:03:16,208 --> 01:03:20,874
Birds that could not fly because
they were glued feathers.

701
01:03:24,125 --> 01:03:27,874
Kuwaitis left to reach the disaster

702
01:03:28,708 --> 01:03:31,791
leaving the confined animals,

703
01:03:31,917 --> 01:03:35,582
together with the Bedouins, who
are not considered human beings.

704
01:03:37,567 --> 01:03:41,997
"Workers" managed to unite the
Sebastião Salgado economist

705
01:03:42,032 --> 01:03:44,125
with the artist in which he had become.

706
01:03:45,083 --> 01:03:47,917
These photographs have been
published in the best journals,

707
01:03:48,043 --> 01:03:50,083
the exhibition toured the world,

708
01:03:50,209 --> 01:03:52,959
and the book was published
in many languages.

709
01:03:54,293 --> 01:03:57,501
Pero Sebastian y Lelia in pararon.

710
01:03:58,043 --> 01:04:02,875
They immediately began work on a
new phase of his photography.

711
01:04:03,127 --> 01:04:07,251
They noted that another
burning issue of our times

712
01:04:07,585 --> 01:04:10,334
It was the displacement
of entire populations

713
01:04:10,461 --> 01:04:14,376
due to wars, famines and the
role of the global market.

714
01:04:15,335 --> 01:04:18,835
As Europe closed its borders,

715
01:04:19,128 --> 01:04:23,626
Sebastião trying to shed light on
the lives of the marginalized.

716
01:04:24,670 --> 01:04:29,252
Again with Lelia, he began
researching and planning.

717
01:04:29,377 --> 01:04:33,336
She was again the momentum
of this new chapter

718
01:04:33,461 --> 01:04:35,710
which they called "Exodus".

719
01:04:36,253 --> 01:04:37,877
EXODUS

720
01:04:38,836 --> 01:04:42,877
It sparked global concern about
the lives of these refugees

721
01:04:43,003 --> 01:04:45,044
de India, Vietnam, Filipinas,

722
01:04:45,170 --> 01:04:47,211
South America, Palestine, Iraq

723
01:04:47,337 --> 01:04:49,128
and many other places.

724
01:04:50,046 --> 01:04:53,627
But Sebastião returned again
and again to the continent

725
01:04:53,753 --> 01:04:57,545
I had captivated his imagination
for some time already.

726
01:04:58,045 --> 01:04:59,628
A África.

727
01:05:10,546 --> 01:05:13,711
I was doing my project
on population movements

728
01:05:16,462 --> 01:05:19,711
in 1994, when the Rwandan president's plane

729
01:05:20,297 --> 01:05:22,296
He was killed.

730
01:05:23,047 --> 01:05:26,379
It all started with a great
movement of population to Tanzania

731
01:05:26,505 --> 01:05:31,379
due to the brutal repression
against the Tutsis in Rwanda.

732
01:05:32,838 --> 01:05:36,462
And I was one of the first to arrive.

733
01:05:37,172 --> 01:05:39,337
It was a catastrophe.

734
01:05:39,463 --> 01:05:41,797
People who fled to Burundi,

735
01:05:42,047 --> 01:05:44,380
al Congo, a Uganda...

736
01:05:44,506 --> 01:05:46,671
They fled to everywhere.

737
01:05:50,922 --> 01:05:54,756
The streets were full of people.

738
01:05:57,798 --> 01:05:59,922
People resting on the side of the road,

739
01:06:00,048 --> 01:06:03,881
he carried all their
belongings on bicycles...

740
01:06:04,006 --> 01:06:06,964
People who fled with what they could.

741
01:06:08,631 --> 01:06:11,339
We follow the path in
the opposite direction.

742
01:06:11,632 --> 01:06:14,838
We went to the border.

743
01:06:14,964 --> 01:06:17,713
There was no security, no nothing.

744
01:06:17,839 --> 01:06:21,924
I came to Rwanda and that was frightening.

745
01:06:22,131 --> 01:06:26,673
The death toll I met on these roads.

746
01:06:29,465 --> 01:06:31,298
It had broken Granada.

747
01:06:31,965 --> 01:06:36,464
Those who were not killed by the
Granada were killed with machetes.

748
01:06:37,258 --> 01:06:40,714
I understood the magnitude

749
01:06:40,840 --> 01:06:44,674
the catastrophe he was seeing.

750
01:06:45,550 --> 01:06:48,341
Genocide was committed in that country.

751
01:06:51,341 --> 01:06:56,133
Were about 150 kilometers
to the outskirts of Kigali,

752
01:06:56,258 --> 01:06:59,008
and 150 kilometers of dead.

753
01:07:07,301 --> 01:07:10,758
I returned because my story
was about you people.

754
01:07:10,884 --> 01:07:14,883
He was writing a book on
refugees, on the exodus.

755
01:07:15,343 --> 01:07:17,467
I went into these camps

756
01:07:17,884 --> 01:07:19,592
and I began to see

757
01:07:19,718 --> 01:07:23,508
the number of people who left Rwanda.

758
01:07:25,677 --> 01:07:28,509
Hell settled in this paradise.

759
01:07:29,427 --> 01:07:31,967
It was frightening

760
01:07:32,093 --> 01:07:35,676
see how in such a beautiful savanna

761
01:07:35,802 --> 01:07:38,926
He had formed a megacity.

762
01:07:41,469 --> 01:07:45,342
Within days, there were almost
a million people there.

763
01:07:51,969 --> 01:07:55,803
Amid all this anguish, something
touched me very much.

764
01:07:56,136 --> 01:07:59,635
It was seeing this mother with her little,

765
01:07:59,761 --> 01:08:03,510
and little confidence in her mother.

766
01:08:16,804 --> 01:08:18,344
Violence

767
01:08:19,054 --> 01:08:20,677
and brutality

768
01:08:20,804 --> 01:08:24,178
they are not a monopoly

769
01:08:24,470 --> 01:08:26,261
of distant countries.

770
01:08:26,387 --> 01:08:29,636
It is here, in Europe, in
the former Yugoslavia.

771
01:08:29,762 --> 01:08:31,762
It's very shocking.

772
01:08:34,471 --> 01:08:38,470
On a bus coming from
Krajina, Croatia across...

773
01:08:39,638 --> 01:08:42,011
One person was killed through that hole.

774
01:08:42,137 --> 01:08:46,137
Croats killed many people to leave Krajina.

775
01:08:46,846 --> 01:08:48,637
Violence is widespread.

776
01:08:48,764 --> 01:08:52,095
What I dislike most

777
01:08:52,305 --> 01:08:56,304
It is to see how much hatred is contagious.

778
01:08:57,055 --> 01:08:59,471
These people have seen violence.

779
01:08:59,846 --> 01:09:01,137
Entire families.

780
01:09:01,264 --> 01:09:05,430
All Krajina Serb population was expelled.

781
01:09:07,597 --> 01:09:11,971
From time to time they were
driven from their homes

782
01:09:12,097 --> 01:09:14,346
looking for a place where to go.

783
01:09:14,472 --> 01:09:18,930
They had their neighbors in
front and shooting at them.

784
01:09:33,890 --> 01:09:36,847
This is a refugee camp near Tuzla,

785
01:09:37,472 --> 01:09:40,430
en la Bosnia central.

786
01:09:40,556 --> 01:09:43,514
They are families fleeing
the enclave of Zepa,

787
01:09:44,183 --> 01:09:47,681
where Serbs killed
thousands of young people.

788
01:09:48,683 --> 01:09:53,889
We were there at the right time.
Just as families arrived

789
01:09:54,474 --> 01:09:57,057
in a state of high anxiety.

790
01:10:08,558 --> 01:10:11,391
There were only women, elderly

791
01:10:11,808 --> 01:10:13,348
and children.

792
01:10:13,474 --> 01:10:17,890
The young men had been detained or killed.

793
01:10:24,100 --> 01:10:27,016
It is rare that this happens in Europe,

794
01:10:27,142 --> 01:10:30,307
the late twentieth century.

795
01:10:30,642 --> 01:10:32,058
But here, the cars,

796
01:10:32,184 --> 01:10:36,058
we can see that those people
with a standard of living

797
01:10:36,184 --> 01:10:38,184
a European standard of living,

798
01:10:38,643 --> 01:10:41,350
with a European intellectual level.

799
01:10:41,684 --> 01:10:43,849
A European infrastructure.

800
01:10:44,226 --> 01:10:45,642
And who lost everything.

801
01:10:49,893 --> 01:10:53,850
Hundreds of kilometers
filled with people and cars.

802
01:10:57,935 --> 01:10:59,810
We are a very fierce animal.

803
01:10:59,936 --> 01:11:02,810
We are a terrible animal, we humans.

804
01:11:04,269 --> 01:11:08,060
It is here in Europe, whether in
Africa, Latin America, wherever.

805
01:11:08,186 --> 01:11:10,850
Our violence is extreme.

806
01:11:17,686 --> 01:11:19,893
Our history is a history of wars.

807
01:11:27,103 --> 01:11:28,601
It is a story without end,

808
01:11:28,728 --> 01:11:30,852
a history of repression,

809
01:11:30,978 --> 01:11:32,644
crazy story.

810
01:11:41,563 --> 01:11:44,312
The situation in Rwanda
continued to evolve.

811
01:11:44,520 --> 01:11:48,603
The Hutu army, which had
the power, was defeated.

812
01:11:48,729 --> 01:11:53,812
And he retired to the Congo
and the region of Goma.

813
01:11:55,146 --> 01:11:59,687
First, the Tutsis had fled
the barbarity of the Hutus.

814
01:11:59,813 --> 01:12:01,562
Then they were Hutus

815
01:12:01,687 --> 01:12:04,396
those fleeing Tutsi occupation.

816
01:12:04,520 --> 01:12:06,562
So they all fled.

817
01:12:09,688 --> 01:12:11,521
In several days,

818
01:12:11,646 --> 01:12:14,603
in the month of July 1994

819
01:12:14,729 --> 01:12:16,145
Goma region

820
01:12:16,271 --> 01:12:19,312
He welcomed more than two million people.

821
01:12:20,855 --> 01:12:23,395
And there catastrophe was installed,

822
01:12:26,397 --> 01:12:29,313
diseases such as cholera began to spread

823
01:12:29,439 --> 01:12:33,229
and people started dropping like flies.

824
01:12:33,689 --> 01:12:37,104
There were at least 12,000
or 15,000 deaths a day.

825
01:12:40,939 --> 01:12:43,855
I took pictures of piles of dead like this.

826
01:12:44,439 --> 01:12:47,105
I saw that father
approached with his child,

827
01:12:47,522 --> 01:12:49,022
and throw it there.

828
01:12:49,148 --> 01:12:53,355
He was chatting with fellow like that.

829
01:13:00,148 --> 01:13:03,229
We did not give supply to bury people.

830
01:13:04,273 --> 01:13:07,190
Machine brought a French army

831
01:13:07,441 --> 01:13:11,148
and caught galore, dozens,

832
01:13:11,399 --> 01:13:13,480
They threw them on the ground

833
01:13:13,606 --> 01:13:16,356
and covered with soil.

834
01:13:33,650 --> 01:13:36,065
Everyone should see these images,

835
01:13:36,525 --> 01:13:39,440
to see how terrible it is our species.

836
01:13:46,067 --> 01:13:49,441
These orphans, I found them on the road...

837
01:13:51,318 --> 01:13:52,774
Of these three children

838
01:13:52,900 --> 01:13:56,483
the two with the most
lively eyes will survive.

839
01:13:56,609 --> 01:14:00,650
The eyes of the morbid, he was dying.

840
01:14:03,275 --> 01:14:06,067
When I left there, I was sick.

841
01:14:06,317 --> 01:14:08,733
Very sick. My body was sick.

842
01:14:08,943 --> 01:14:12,442
It was not an infectious disease,

843
01:14:12,734 --> 01:14:14,692
my soul was sick.

844
01:14:19,569 --> 01:14:23,651
I went to Rwanda a year after the disaster

845
01:14:23,777 --> 01:14:28,569
for the return of Hutus,
who were in the Congo

846
01:14:28,901 --> 01:14:30,818
and they had nowhere to go.

847
01:14:30,944 --> 01:14:35,276
The United Nations began
to force them to return.

848
01:14:46,195 --> 01:14:50,485
We felt that the whole planet
was covered in refugee tents.

849
01:15:03,653 --> 01:15:05,652
After working there,

850
01:15:05,777 --> 01:15:10,319
Tutsi authorities proposed visit me

851
01:15:10,445 --> 01:15:14,360
several places, scenes of repression.

852
01:15:21,029 --> 01:15:25,986
People took refuge in a church
thinking that could be saved.

853
01:15:26,697 --> 01:15:29,195
All were killed.

854
01:15:35,737 --> 01:15:37,945
This was at a school,

855
01:15:38,363 --> 01:15:43,111
You can still see the blackboard
with written when passing through.

856
01:15:43,238 --> 01:15:45,321
It was scary.

857
01:15:59,238 --> 01:16:03,404
Of people who left Rwanda,
some two million people,

858
01:16:03,530 --> 01:16:06,197
some returned to Rwanda,

859
01:16:06,323 --> 01:16:09,029
but the other feared a possible crackdown.

860
01:16:09,155 --> 01:16:14,197
A group of 250,000 people
left the city of Goma

861
01:16:14,322 --> 01:16:16,573
and he went into the Congo forest.

862
01:16:19,699 --> 01:16:20,989
We lost.

863
01:16:21,115 --> 01:16:25,073
Everyone knew they were
lost 250,000 people.

864
01:16:25,199 --> 01:16:27,155
We did not know where they were.

865
01:16:30,240 --> 01:16:31,697
Six months later,

866
01:16:32,282 --> 01:16:36,906
They began to appear
Kisangani in central Congo.

867
01:16:39,325 --> 01:16:42,989
They were in the forest for six months.

868
01:16:44,115 --> 01:16:49,364
And here, the UN High Commissioner
was taking me right there.

869
01:16:50,532 --> 01:16:53,656
There was a train and rode me.

870
01:16:54,740 --> 01:16:58,115
The train, after leaving the
food, he should return.

871
01:17:05,783 --> 01:17:10,783
I spent three days with
these people kept coming.

872
01:17:10,909 --> 01:17:13,532
Groups and groups of people coming.

873
01:17:15,866 --> 01:17:19,366
But when you think about
250,000 people left,

874
01:17:19,492 --> 01:17:22,158
and 40,000 returnees...

875
01:17:22,492 --> 01:17:26,533
210,000 people were missing.

876
01:17:36,452 --> 01:17:38,866
And in parallel, life continued.

877
01:17:38,992 --> 01:17:43,700
Men who cut hair.

878
01:17:44,617 --> 01:17:46,952
And this Congolese here,

879
01:17:47,076 --> 01:17:48,825
with his calculator

880
01:17:50,118 --> 01:17:55,659
dollars trying to collect people,

881
01:17:55,785 --> 01:17:59,034
currencies, and it was there
trying to change them.

882
01:17:59,494 --> 01:18:03,910
In the middle of nowhere! Amid a
forest isolated from everything.

883
01:18:11,327 --> 01:18:12,535
At one point,

884
01:18:13,036 --> 01:18:17,577
that the guerrillas Kisangani,
which was protutsi,

885
01:18:17,703 --> 01:18:20,077
and he began to cast these people.

886
01:18:20,453 --> 01:18:21,993
To send them back.

887
01:18:22,119 --> 01:18:26,494
They had to walk another six
months to return to Rwanda.

888
01:18:26,620 --> 01:18:28,702
They began to kill some.

889
01:18:29,828 --> 01:18:34,327
There, I met people who could not more.

890
01:18:34,954 --> 01:18:37,744
They had begun to rave,

891
01:18:37,870 --> 01:18:39,785
They had lost his mind.

892
01:18:39,912 --> 01:18:41,493
They had gone mad.

893
01:18:46,870 --> 01:18:50,286
In fact, this people who were expelled,

894
01:18:50,704 --> 01:18:52,994
We have not heard anything.

895
01:18:54,413 --> 01:18:56,870
I'm sure they were all killed.

896
01:19:04,620 --> 01:19:09,745
This was my last trip, this
sad adventure in Rwanda.

897
01:19:13,496 --> 01:19:15,620
I went there.

898
01:19:17,205 --> 01:19:21,954
He does not believe in anything. He did not
believe in the salvation of the human race.

899
01:19:22,080 --> 01:19:24,746
We could not survive that.

900
01:19:24,872 --> 01:19:26,663
We did not deserve to live anymore.

901
01:19:26,789 --> 01:19:28,746
No one deserved to live.

902
01:19:38,914 --> 01:19:43,914
How many times I threw the camera
down to mourn for what he saw?

903
01:19:50,289 --> 01:19:54,664
Sebastião had peered into
the heart of darkness

904
01:19:54,790 --> 01:19:58,371
and he questioned his work
as a social photographer

905
01:19:58,497 --> 01:20:01,622
and witness to the human condition.

906
01:20:01,832 --> 01:20:06,040
What remained to be done after Rwanda?

907
01:20:13,291 --> 01:20:17,915
At that time, my grandfather's
health worsened.

908
01:20:18,541 --> 01:20:22,665
My parents had to return to
Brazil to take over the farm.

909
01:20:23,249 --> 01:20:27,916
It was just barren land. They did
not know what to do with that.

910
01:20:29,084 --> 01:20:33,291
Birds, alligators and
forests had disappeared.

911
01:20:33,459 --> 01:20:37,515
There was no childhood
memories of Sebastião.

912
01:20:41,291 --> 01:20:44,791
Then Lélia had a surprising idea.

913
01:20:44,917 --> 01:20:48,999
Why we not replant the
forest that was here before?

914
01:20:51,751 --> 01:20:56,250
The forest that was here before
and that covered these hills

915
01:20:56,375 --> 01:20:58,374
It was the Atlantic Forest.

916
01:20:58,500 --> 01:21:00,874
The Atlantic forest.

917
01:21:01,459 --> 01:21:03,750
No one had tried to replant.

918
01:21:04,251 --> 01:21:07,792
Let alone over 600 hectares.

919
01:21:08,376 --> 01:21:11,792
The suggestion came from his desire Lélia

920
01:21:11,918 --> 01:21:14,292
to maintain the spirit of the family.

921
01:21:14,417 --> 01:21:17,667
Anyway, they started using them

922
01:21:18,127 --> 01:21:20,459
and for the next 10 years

923
01:21:20,668 --> 01:21:25,168
what happened in that land was a miracle

924
01:21:25,294 --> 01:21:28,917
which it became, from that
moment, the "Terra Institute".

925
01:21:35,586 --> 01:21:38,417
I remember during the first planting,

926
01:21:38,544 --> 01:21:42,335
sometimes dreamed that night was dying all.

927
01:21:44,127 --> 01:21:48,293
Because the soil was horrible.
He was in such bad shape

928
01:21:48,419 --> 01:21:51,543
I wondered. Are the plants take root?

929
01:21:52,212 --> 01:21:56,252
In the Atlantic Forest there
were 400 different species,

930
01:21:56,378 --> 01:21:59,295
we did not have 400,

931
01:21:59,420 --> 01:22:04,085
but just we planted 100 species, 150...

932
01:22:04,377 --> 01:22:08,586
It is true that the first
planting lost 60%.

933
01:22:09,420 --> 01:22:12,420
In the second, 40.

934
01:22:12,545 --> 01:22:17,087
There were no books to teach
to replant an Atlantic forest.

935
01:22:36,588 --> 01:22:38,545
I love coming here

936
01:22:39,089 --> 01:22:41,838
to see all these trees together.

937
01:22:42,089 --> 01:22:44,462
When you see this forest mass,

938
01:22:45,504 --> 01:22:49,463
an idea of ​​the effort involved
in planting all this is done.

939
01:22:53,381 --> 01:22:55,046
When I was little,

940
01:22:55,380 --> 01:22:58,004
there was a small waterfall.

941
01:22:58,880 --> 01:23:01,797
All year, here was a waterfall that fell.

942
01:23:01,923 --> 01:23:06,754
I came with my sisters and we
made a picnic under the jump.

943
01:23:07,589 --> 01:23:10,047
There was still a lot of forest.

944
01:23:10,423 --> 01:23:11,546
Then

945
01:23:12,006 --> 01:23:15,547
when felled trees, the water disappeared.

946
01:23:16,631 --> 01:23:19,964
Now our forest is young,
needs lots of water.

947
01:23:21,923 --> 01:23:26,255
But within 10 or 15 years,
when everything stabilizes,

948
01:23:26,381 --> 01:23:30,505
I'm sure it will reappear
another beautiful waterfall.

949
01:23:52,381 --> 01:23:53,549
They are

950
01:23:54,592 --> 01:23:56,756
many small roads,

951
01:23:56,882 --> 01:23:59,299
hundreds of small ways...

952
01:24:00,008 --> 01:24:01,882
Cows go there.

953
01:24:02,757 --> 01:24:07,132
Each leg of cow that sits
on a small perimeter,

954
01:24:07,258 --> 01:24:10,591
They are 200 or 250 kilos of blow.

955
01:24:10,717 --> 01:24:14,216
Crushes the earth, the dry,

956
01:24:14,343 --> 01:24:16,216
and no longer sprout again nothing.

957
01:24:16,800 --> 01:24:19,674
It is very interesting
to note the difference

958
01:24:20,342 --> 01:24:24,925
of what it was before the Terra
Institute, smooth pastures like this

959
01:24:25,051 --> 01:24:28,341
and the other a fully recovered ecosystem.

960
01:24:28,467 --> 01:24:30,800
With ten million trees replanted.

961
01:24:53,010 --> 01:24:54,176
Here we see

962
01:24:54,427 --> 01:24:59,094
cicada singing until he dies.

963
01:24:59,759 --> 01:25:03,260
I'm sure it was not the tree.

964
01:25:03,386 --> 01:25:07,134
Are the termites that are assimilating.

965
01:25:07,261 --> 01:25:09,259
He will be buried here.

966
01:25:18,510 --> 01:25:23,219
Sometimes, just we look at a tree and think
about its verticality, in its beauty.

967
01:25:23,345 --> 01:25:28,635
But everything depends on it,
our water, our oxygen...

968
01:25:28,761 --> 01:25:30,678
It is home to everyone.

969
01:25:31,136 --> 01:25:34,094
Ants, small insects, cicadas...

970
01:25:34,220 --> 01:25:35,636
All are in the tree.

971
01:25:36,886 --> 01:25:41,219
It is very pleasant to touch
a tree planting have helped.

972
01:25:41,637 --> 01:25:45,177
It is here, well established, well robust.

973
01:25:45,386 --> 01:25:48,761
Within 30 years it will be as well.

974
01:25:49,013 --> 01:25:51,845
He is still very young, is growing.

975
01:25:53,180 --> 01:25:56,304
Look, the youngest there, very young, here.

976
01:25:56,430 --> 01:25:58,261
They may have erupted tonight,

977
01:25:59,137 --> 01:26:02,220
like Alice entering the wonderland.

978
01:26:02,887 --> 01:26:07,928
And most incredible is that it will
become a tree 40 to 50 meters.

979
01:26:08,054 --> 01:26:11,137
And who will live 400 years, 500 years.

980
01:26:11,263 --> 01:26:13,762
Here there is a great power.

981
01:26:18,347 --> 01:26:22,637
Think that these trees have three months

982
01:26:22,763 --> 01:26:25,096
and will reach its climax at the 400...

983
01:26:26,389 --> 01:26:30,929
Maybe we can measure from here

984
01:26:31,055 --> 01:26:33,222
the concept of eternity.

985
01:26:33,515 --> 01:26:35,888
Perhaps eternity can be measured.

986
01:26:38,848 --> 01:26:41,722
The first few days after saying:
"We will plant a forest"

987
01:26:41,849 --> 01:26:46,763
I thought the route was a seed
to a small tree, a plant...

988
01:26:46,889 --> 01:26:50,055
and that's it, but there is only
a little plant, but a million.

989
01:26:51,640 --> 01:26:53,138
And not just here.

990
01:26:53,265 --> 01:26:57,055
Also nearby. And more and more!

991
01:26:57,181 --> 01:27:00,515
And that's the most
wonderful thing, this idea

992
01:27:02,557 --> 01:27:04,765
You may evolve, it can grow.

993
01:27:04,891 --> 01:27:08,139
He's not someone's idea, but of all.

994
01:27:10,016 --> 01:27:13,723
Sampling method can replicate
almost everywhere.

995
01:27:13,849 --> 01:27:16,140
Of course, the species are not the same,

996
01:27:16,266 --> 01:27:19,015
but the way of acting is the same

997
01:27:19,599 --> 01:27:21,557
in all tropical forests.

998
01:27:34,767 --> 01:27:38,015
The land was the remedy
to despair of Sebastião.

999
01:27:38,308 --> 01:27:43,057
The joy of seeing the trees
grow, resurgent outbreaks,

1000
01:27:43,476 --> 01:27:48,766
He resurrected Sebastião
passion for photography.

1001
01:27:49,266 --> 01:27:54,225
Although Lélia and he knew they
could not return to their old ways.

1002
01:27:54,643 --> 01:27:56,141
We conclude

1003
01:27:56,267 --> 01:27:59,975
that would start a new photographic
project on the environment.

1004
01:28:00,184 --> 01:28:03,351
Of course, the first idea that came

1005
01:28:03,477 --> 01:28:06,267
It was to denounce the
destruction of forests,

1006
01:28:06,392 --> 01:28:08,851
or pollution of the oceans,

1007
01:28:09,016 --> 01:28:10,016
He did not care.

1008
01:28:10,017 --> 01:28:13,975
Then gradually we start thinking.
Let's do a different project.

1009
01:28:14,643 --> 01:28:16,767
Let a tribute to the planet.

1010
01:28:17,143 --> 01:28:19,684
And we discover with surprise

1011
01:28:19,810 --> 01:28:22,642
nearly half of the planet

1012
01:28:23,185 --> 01:28:25,184
continues as the day of Genesis.

1013
01:28:28,060 --> 01:28:32,517
Many of my friends told me.
"Do not get into that.

1014
01:28:32,643 --> 01:28:36,392
It is very risky. You are a good
human, social photographer,

1015
01:28:36,518 --> 01:28:40,143
and now you will enter in the field

1016
01:28:40,810 --> 01:28:44,268
Photographers landscapes, animals."

1017
01:28:44,395 --> 01:28:46,768
I said, "It's okay, I'm going for it!

1018
01:28:46,894 --> 01:28:50,393
I will learn to photograph
these things too."

1019
01:28:50,519 --> 01:28:52,435
And so I began the first story.

1020
01:28:52,979 --> 01:28:55,393
Galapagos wanted it.

1021
01:28:55,728 --> 01:29:00,519
Darwin wanted to understand
what he understood.

1022
01:29:01,562 --> 01:29:03,144
The same species,

1023
01:29:03,270 --> 01:29:06,436
in very different ecosystems,

1024
01:29:06,562 --> 01:29:08,853
They have evolved very differently.

1025
01:29:11,396 --> 01:29:14,562
Looking at this detail of
the leg of the iguana,

1026
01:29:14,688 --> 01:29:17,687
I can not help thinking

1027
01:29:18,187 --> 01:29:21,186
in the hand of a warrior
of the Middle Ages.

1028
01:29:21,437 --> 01:29:25,270
With its metal to protect shells.

1029
01:29:28,438 --> 01:29:30,395
Looking at the structure of the hand,

1030
01:29:30,521 --> 01:29:34,271
I see that the iguana is also my cousin,

1031
01:29:34,813 --> 01:29:37,563
who we come from the same cell.

1032
01:29:40,938 --> 01:29:45,145
We were facing a being of this age.

1033
01:29:45,271 --> 01:29:47,063
We are dealing with an authority,

1034
01:29:47,189 --> 01:29:49,980
with all its wrinkles,
with all this knowledge.

1035
01:29:50,730 --> 01:29:56,231
Certainly, when Darwin was here,
that turtle was an adult.

1036
01:29:56,856 --> 01:29:59,105
Maybe he saw Darwin. Who knows?

1037
01:30:01,939 --> 01:30:04,021
I remember one time I was very tired

1038
01:30:04,147 --> 01:30:09,480
because he had walked through
lava fields for a long time.

1039
01:30:09,607 --> 01:30:11,689
I had slept on the beach.

1040
01:30:12,564 --> 01:30:15,521
I felt something touch my leg.

1041
01:30:15,647 --> 01:30:18,314
I looked and it was a sea lion.

1042
01:30:18,732 --> 01:30:20,730
Had another installed across.

1043
01:30:20,856 --> 01:30:23,232
In the end, there were three sea lions.

1044
01:30:23,940 --> 01:30:28,106
No man considered a predator,
did not seem a threat.

1045
01:30:30,441 --> 01:30:33,189
It was my first story of nature,

1046
01:30:33,315 --> 01:30:36,607
the first time photographing animals.

1047
01:30:40,191 --> 01:30:43,898
For 8 years, I had time to see...

1048
01:30:45,566 --> 01:30:47,607
and understand the most important thing.

1049
01:30:47,732 --> 01:30:51,607
I am very nature as a turtle, like a tree,

1050
01:30:51,733 --> 01:30:53,274
like a stone.

1051
01:32:10,278 --> 01:32:12,526
His gaze remains extraordinary.

1052
01:32:15,445 --> 01:32:17,361
It is very deep.

1053
01:32:17,694 --> 01:32:20,527
I was up to me, I took a picture,

1054
01:32:20,653 --> 01:32:22,068
he put his finger in the mouth...

1055
01:32:22,778 --> 01:32:26,276
He was looking for the
first time in a mirror.

1056
01:32:26,402 --> 01:32:28,152
I was in front of him

1057
01:32:28,278 --> 01:32:31,152
and he removed his finger, put it.

1058
01:32:31,278 --> 01:32:33,070
He began to understand that it was him.

1059
01:32:33,196 --> 01:32:38,570
It was acknowledging his image.
I felt completely identified.

1060
01:32:52,988 --> 01:32:55,070
It's a family like ours,

1061
01:32:55,196 --> 01:32:58,237
a grandfather, a father, children.

1062
01:33:00,696 --> 01:33:03,820
They will respect each other, you know?

1063
01:33:04,280 --> 01:33:08,821
And when you go, you have
to respect their ways.

1064
01:33:08,946 --> 01:33:11,613
You have to sit in a particular way,

1065
01:33:11,739 --> 01:33:14,530
you have to respect their territory.

1066
01:33:14,655 --> 01:33:17,113
And then you receive.

1067
01:33:18,947 --> 01:33:22,071
I also became friends with a whale.

1068
01:33:27,323 --> 01:33:28,655
These are whales.

1069
01:33:30,198 --> 01:33:31,447
In Argentina.

1070
01:33:34,198 --> 01:33:37,822
An adult as this measures 35 meters
and weighs 40 tons, more or less.

1071
01:33:39,072 --> 01:33:41,322
He was approaching, came to the ship.

1072
01:33:41,449 --> 01:33:43,572
I could touch it.

1073
01:33:43,698 --> 01:33:46,364
And it was amazing. That skin so sensitive!

1074
01:33:46,490 --> 01:33:48,030
While he is stroking,

1075
01:33:48,156 --> 01:33:52,572
He saw his tail shaking, at 35 meters.

1076
01:33:52,698 --> 01:33:54,115
A phenomenal sensitivity.

1077
01:33:54,949 --> 01:33:59,072
We had a small vessel of not
more than seven meters.

1078
01:33:59,824 --> 01:34:02,448
I knew that if we looked
strong, we could sink.

1079
01:34:02,574 --> 01:34:05,322
But he never touched the boat, never!

1080
01:34:05,449 --> 01:34:08,491
Sometimes he walked away and
hit the sea with its tail.

1081
01:34:52,409 --> 01:34:57,075
Oh, it's another world, it's incredible.

1082
01:34:57,201 --> 01:35:01,908
I'll see if I have another
photo here of the Nenets.

1083
01:35:03,077 --> 01:35:06,909
Check what does a Nenets.

1084
01:35:08,493 --> 01:35:09,868
It's your house.

1085
01:35:14,369 --> 01:35:18,118
I nenets this report with what
was preparing a long time.

1086
01:35:19,077 --> 01:35:23,284
Were 18 people and about 6,000 reindeer

1087
01:35:23,410 --> 01:35:25,910
They are living in constant migration.

1088
01:35:27,744 --> 01:35:30,743
Here should be the 7pm.

1089
01:35:30,869 --> 01:35:33,994
About 8 light a fire

1090
01:35:34,120 --> 01:35:36,910
and make the only hot meal of the day.

1091
01:35:37,786 --> 01:35:41,160
After dinner, there are gatherings.

1092
01:35:41,286 --> 01:35:42,744
And the fire goes out.

1093
01:35:42,870 --> 01:35:48,619
While the fire burning is the
temperature is pleasant: 15-20 degrees.

1094
01:35:48,952 --> 01:35:51,578
Two hours later, it is
already 30 below zero.

1095
01:35:55,120 --> 01:35:58,119
They are real cowboys of Siberia.

1096
01:35:58,245 --> 01:36:00,870
Always wear ties

1097
01:36:00,996 --> 01:36:04,161
around the neck, made of reindeer skin.

1098
01:36:05,121 --> 01:36:09,911
They wear leather boots with silver fox.

1099
01:36:10,621 --> 01:36:14,246
Sleep with their boots. A
boot lasts a lifetime.

1100
01:36:29,496 --> 01:36:32,704
The Obi is a very special river,

1101
01:36:32,831 --> 01:36:34,786
a large river in Siberia.

1102
01:36:35,705 --> 01:36:39,412
This is about 47 kilometers long.

1103
01:36:42,373 --> 01:36:46,622
When you pass the Obi, you
enter the Arctic Circle.

1104
01:36:48,706 --> 01:36:51,122
We have no horizon line, we have nothing.

1105
01:36:51,248 --> 01:36:55,997
We are on a white plate on
the size of the universe.

1106
01:37:07,998 --> 01:37:11,414
Genesis made Sebastião
again travel the world

1107
01:37:11,789 --> 01:37:13,288
for nearly a decade.

1108
01:37:13,957 --> 01:37:18,582
It was to show nature,
animals, places and people

1109
01:37:18,706 --> 01:37:21,539
They are living as the beginning of time.

1110
01:37:21,665 --> 01:37:24,248
A more optimistic view of the same planet

1111
01:37:24,374 --> 01:37:29,498
Sebastião had looked hurt and destroyed.

1112
01:37:31,083 --> 01:37:33,998
Genesis was to be his great work.

1113
01:37:34,125 --> 01:37:36,374
A love letter to the planet.

1114
01:37:51,749 --> 01:37:54,831
Zo'é had representations in writings
of the sixteenth century Jesuits

1115
01:37:54,958 --> 01:37:58,416
Amazon coming and reported on a people

1116
01:37:58,542 --> 01:38:01,624
who wore a kind of tube in the lower lip.

1117
01:38:01,750 --> 01:38:04,999
These Indians never been seen.

1118
01:38:05,125 --> 01:38:07,458
We thought it was a fable

1119
01:38:07,584 --> 01:38:09,875
or an invention of the Jesuits,

1120
01:38:10,001 --> 01:38:12,416
until the end of the forties,

1121
01:38:12,710 --> 01:38:14,958
when we contacted them again.

1122
01:38:15,542 --> 01:38:19,666
Estado de Paré, Brasil Tribe Zoe, 2009

1123
01:39:44,837 --> 01:39:47,212
These Indians live in paradise.

1124
01:39:48,380 --> 01:39:50,629
The only place I've seen in my life

1125
01:39:50,755 --> 01:39:53,962
where women have 3, 4 or 5 husbands

1126
01:39:54,546 --> 01:39:57,087
and many other women's husbands.

1127
01:39:58,380 --> 01:40:00,420
The woman has a husband hunter,

1128
01:40:00,922 --> 01:40:02,587
un fisherman husband,

1129
01:40:03,088 --> 01:40:06,545
a husband who works a little agriculture

1130
01:40:06,755 --> 01:40:10,920
a husband who is close to
home and helps you do all...

1131
01:40:11,131 --> 01:40:13,463
Women have tremendous power.

1132
01:40:13,589 --> 01:40:17,421
Have dominion over from men,

1133
01:40:17,547 --> 01:40:19,170
bastante considerable.

1134
01:40:51,923 --> 01:40:56,131
Something that has always seemed
very interesting to these peoples

1135
01:40:56,340 --> 01:41:00,131
It is that the people had a
full awareness of their image.

1136
01:41:00,757 --> 01:41:02,757
When I was going to take a picture,

1137
01:41:03,383 --> 01:41:07,215
the person knew I was going
to represent your image

1138
01:41:08,217 --> 01:41:11,423
At first they were somewhat interested,
then let them be interested.

1139
01:41:13,008 --> 01:41:15,048
It was not his world.

1140
01:41:15,258 --> 01:41:18,632
However, I was very interested in my knife.

1141
01:41:18,924 --> 01:41:23,548
YPO my friend made me
swear I'd give my knife.

1142
01:41:23,674 --> 01:41:25,966
But the head of the FNI

1143
01:41:26,425 --> 01:41:30,008
had made me promise not
to give them anything,

1144
01:41:30,134 --> 01:41:33,383
to protect the purity of these Indians.

1145
01:41:34,009 --> 01:41:36,258
I said, "Look, we make a deal.

1146
01:41:36,592 --> 01:41:41,091
The day that you go and strip the
knife out the window of the plane.

1147
01:41:41,217 --> 01:41:43,759
I will follow the path of the plane

1148
01:41:43,885 --> 01:41:45,799
and I find the knife."

1149
01:42:04,134 --> 01:42:06,510
These plants are very old.

1150
01:42:06,719 --> 01:42:09,468
They are between 40 and 50 years.

1151
01:42:13,927 --> 01:42:16,134
The wonderful plants...

1152
01:42:17,176 --> 01:42:18,675
ferns.

1153
01:42:18,844 --> 01:42:23,093
A shade plant, which grows
in the middle of the jungle,

1154
01:42:23,261 --> 01:42:25,510
in the highest parts, here.

1155
01:42:26,995 --> 01:42:29,010
Hair reminds me of my mother.

1156
01:42:29,137 --> 01:42:31,760
My mother was a beautiful woman. Lot.

1157
01:42:34,594 --> 01:42:37,176
Those were your plants. When she died,

1158
01:42:38,303 --> 01:42:41,177
my father cared for him until he died.

1159
01:42:41,302 --> 01:42:43,635
After the we brought us.

1160
01:42:49,512 --> 01:42:51,220
Look, it's raining.

1161
01:42:51,595 --> 01:42:52,676
How pretty.

1162
01:43:11,013 --> 01:43:14,928
That land is very important to us.

1163
01:43:15,471 --> 01:43:18,803
We are closing a cycle with this land

1164
01:43:19,513 --> 01:43:23,179
and during that cycle she spent our lives.

1165
01:43:23,305 --> 01:43:24,970
He spent the lives of my parents,

1166
01:43:25,701 --> 01:43:28,034
step the life of my sisters,

1167
01:43:28,388 --> 01:43:31,303
and much of my life.

1168
01:43:31,555 --> 01:43:36,388
And now turn to add our lives to this.

1169
01:43:36,514 --> 01:43:38,263
My life and Leila again.

1170
01:43:39,514 --> 01:43:41,846
It remains our history.

1171
01:43:41,972 --> 01:43:45,804
It was part of my childhood
and now it is my old age.

1172
01:43:46,015 --> 01:43:47,304
And the day I die,

1173
01:43:47,430 --> 01:43:53,054
We leave here the forest there
was a bit before my time.

1174
01:43:53,640 --> 01:43:56,472
Therefore, you will complete a cycle.

1175
01:43:56,765 --> 01:43:58,930
It's the story of my life.

1176
01:44:20,474 --> 01:44:23,431
The man whose photographs have told us

1177
01:44:23,557 --> 01:44:25,640
thousands of stories about our planet,

1178
01:44:25,766 --> 01:44:27,973
It leaves us a great
history and a great dream:

1179
01:44:28,099 --> 01:44:30,181
The destruction of nature can be reversed.

1180
01:44:33,266 --> 01:44:38,057
More than a thousand fountains
watering again "Terra Institute".

1181
01:44:38,183 --> 01:44:41,431
There are already planted
2.5 million trees.

1182
01:44:41,557 --> 01:44:44,098
The wildlife has returned, even jaguars.

1183
01:44:46,141 --> 01:44:49,432
The earth is no longer
possession of Salgado,

1184
01:44:49,558 --> 01:44:51,849
now a national park that
belongs to everyone.

1185
01:44:51,975 --> 01:44:55,974
Is the demonstration that
devastated lands anywhere

1186
01:44:56,100 --> 01:44:58,307
they can return to forest.