1 00:00:52,052 --> 00:00:56,598 THE GREAT DEBATERS 2 00:01:09,820 --> 00:01:12,197 Heavenly Father, we come before Thee, 3 00:01:12,239 --> 00:01:17,202 knee-bent and body-bowed, in the humblest way that we know how. 4 00:01:17,870 --> 00:01:20,581 Father who controls and knows all things: 5 00:01:20,956 --> 00:01:25,043 Both the living and dying of all creatures. 6 00:01:26,211 --> 00:01:29,631 Give us strength and wisdom to do Thy work. 7 00:01:30,716 --> 00:01:34,720 In God's name we pray. Let all Gods people say: 8 00:01:36,013 --> 00:01:37,514 Amen. 9 00:01:58,911 --> 00:02:02,122 When I was slippin' up, she looked down, saw the head of something... 10 00:02:02,206 --> 00:02:03,540 ...was right there in her hands. 11 00:02:03,540 --> 00:02:05,417 She told me was a wild animal. 12 00:02:05,501 --> 00:02:07,711 I say then it was Gods revenge. 13 00:02:07,961 --> 00:02:09,463 You go heathen, Henry. 14 00:02:09,588 --> 00:02:11,590 You know what I've got right here? 15 00:02:11,840 --> 00:02:12,966 What? 16 00:02:13,300 --> 00:02:14,635 Something very wild 17 00:02:14,927 --> 00:02:18,805 /"When I was a child, I spake as a child, 18 00:02:20,974 --> 00:02:23,727 /I understood as a child, 19 00:02:24,770 --> 00:02:27,022 /I thought as a child. 20 00:02:27,940 --> 00:02:30,067 /But when I became a man, 21 00:02:31,401 --> 00:02:34,988 /I put away all childish things." (1Cor 13:11. KJV) 22 00:02:57,094 --> 00:02:58,387 /Freshman Class, 23 00:02:58,887 --> 00:03:02,683 /I believe we are the most /privileged people in America. 24 00:03:04,059 --> 00:03:08,272 /Because we have the /most important job... 25 00:03:10,315 --> 00:03:11,483 /in America. 26 00:03:12,526 --> 00:03:16,238 /The education of our young people. 27 00:03:46,059 --> 00:03:47,311 Trudell! 28 00:03:48,395 --> 00:03:49,479 Who the hell is he? 29 00:03:49,563 --> 00:03:50,981 Just my husband. 30 00:03:54,193 --> 00:03:56,570 I'm gonna cut your head off. 31 00:03:56,778 --> 00:04:00,032 /We must impress upon our young people. 32 00:04:01,700 --> 00:04:05,412 /That there will be /difficulties that they face. 33 00:04:09,500 --> 00:04:11,001 You're scared, ain't you? 34 00:04:11,502 --> 00:04:13,045 You do raise and twice my size? 35 00:04:13,295 --> 00:04:14,963 /They must defeat them. 36 00:04:18,258 --> 00:04:20,969 /They must do what /they have to do... 37 00:04:21,053 --> 00:04:24,640 /...in order to do what they want to do. 38 00:04:30,729 --> 00:04:33,607 /Education is the only way out. 39 00:04:36,360 --> 00:04:38,362 Get up, get up, baby, come on. 40 00:04:39,112 --> 00:04:41,031 /The way out of ignorance. 41 00:04:41,823 --> 00:04:43,784 Like cut people? Home boy? 42 00:04:43,867 --> 00:04:46,370 Want to cut people, Trudell, uhm? 43 00:04:46,787 --> 00:04:48,789 Get your hands off me! 44 00:04:48,997 --> 00:04:51,875 The way out of darkness 45 00:04:58,674 --> 00:05:02,970 Into the glorious light. 46 00:05:18,777 --> 00:05:21,196 WHITES Only 47 00:05:49,933 --> 00:05:52,227 Come on, give me back, come on, give me back. 48 00:05:52,477 --> 00:05:54,897 - "To precious Hamilton." - This is not fun. 49 00:05:54,938 --> 00:05:57,482 Give me back. 50 00:06:19,796 --> 00:06:20,839 Have a seat. 51 00:06:25,511 --> 00:06:27,429 /I am... 52 00:06:28,388 --> 00:06:31,058 /...the darker brother. 53 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:33,393 /They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes. 54 00:06:33,602 --> 00:06:37,231 /But I laugh, and eat well, and grow strong. 55 00:06:38,607 --> 00:06:41,485 /Tomorrow I'll sit at the table When company comes. 56 00:06:42,528 --> 00:06:45,531 /Nobody'll dare say to me, "Eat in the kitchen", then. 57 00:06:46,865 --> 00:06:50,786 /Besides, they'll see how beautiful I am 58 00:06:51,495 --> 00:06:53,080 /And be ashamed, -- 59 00:06:54,248 --> 00:06:58,752 /I, too, am America. (I, Too) 60 00:07:00,045 --> 00:07:01,463 Who wrote that? 61 00:07:03,340 --> 00:07:04,967 Langston Hughes, 1924. 62 00:07:05,259 --> 00:07:06,718 1925. 63 00:07:07,928 --> 00:07:11,056 /Hating you shall be a game... 64 00:07:11,139 --> 00:07:14,518 /played with cool hands... 65 00:07:14,601 --> 00:07:16,103 R E V O L U T I O N 66 00:07:16,144 --> 00:07:18,897 /Memory will lay its hands... 67 00:07:19,940 --> 00:07:21,400 /upon your breast. 68 00:07:21,733 --> 00:07:25,904 /And you will understand my hatred. (Hatred) 69 00:07:26,488 --> 00:07:27,739 Gwendolyn Bennett wrote that. 70 00:07:28,073 --> 00:07:30,450 She was born in 1902. 71 00:07:31,243 --> 00:07:32,828 Unofficially. 72 00:07:33,662 --> 00:07:35,122 You see in most states... 73 00:07:35,539 --> 00:07:37,583 negroes were denied birth certificate. 74 00:07:37,624 --> 00:07:40,627 which means I can lie about my age for the rest of my life. 75 00:07:42,296 --> 00:07:43,922 You think that's funny? 76 00:07:45,465 --> 00:07:49,094 To be born without record. 77 00:07:51,138 --> 00:07:53,265 Mr. Reed, hand this up. 78 00:07:54,099 --> 00:07:56,560 I'm going to introduce you to some new voices this semester 79 00:07:56,602 --> 00:07:59,188 There is revolution going on in the north. 80 00:07:59,897 --> 00:08:02,107 In Harlem, they're changing the way... 81 00:08:02,357 --> 00:08:03,775 negroes in America think. 82 00:08:04,318 --> 00:08:06,904 I am talking about poets like Hughes, Bennett, 83 00:08:07,321 --> 00:08:09,615 Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen. 84 00:08:10,199 --> 00:08:14,786 /Some are teethed on a silver spoon, with the stars strung for a rattle. 85 00:08:15,245 --> 00:08:17,706 /I cut my teeth as the black raccoon... 86 00:08:17,748 --> 00:08:21,210 /...for implements of battle. (C. Cullen: Saturday's Child) 87 00:08:28,133 --> 00:08:29,968 Meet me after class. 88 00:08:41,480 --> 00:08:43,774 What's a professor doing in the middle of the night, 89 00:08:43,899 --> 00:08:45,609 dressed like a corn-chopper? 90 00:08:45,651 --> 00:08:48,987 What is a student doing in the middle of the night, throwing his life away? 91 00:08:48,987 --> 00:08:51,073 It's funny, I thought I was defeating myself. 92 00:08:53,116 --> 00:08:54,618 I remember you. 93 00:08:55,744 --> 00:08:58,330 Couple years ago but you disappeared. 94 00:08:58,622 --> 00:08:59,957 What happened? 95 00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:02,626 I come and go, whatever it suits me. 96 00:09:02,709 --> 00:09:05,379 - Suspension? - Leaves of absents. 97 00:09:07,381 --> 00:09:09,007 Why did you come back? 98 00:09:09,132 --> 00:09:11,301 School is the only place where you can read all day. 99 00:09:11,426 --> 00:09:12,970 Except prison. 100 00:09:15,639 --> 00:09:17,891 I want you to come by my house tonight 7:30. 101 00:09:18,016 --> 00:09:19,309 Corner of Junho Campos. 102 00:09:19,309 --> 00:09:20,435 Why would I do that? 103 00:09:20,644 --> 00:09:22,896 Holding try-outs for the debate team. 104 00:09:24,022 --> 00:09:25,816 You're sure you want somebody like me? 105 00:09:26,149 --> 00:09:28,986 No, that's why you're trying out. 106 00:09:30,028 --> 00:09:32,906 7:30, Junho Campos. 107 00:09:59,099 --> 00:10:02,352 /"...driven by the wind and tossed..." (Eph 4:14) 108 00:10:05,105 --> 00:10:06,690 Do well tonight, Junior. 109 00:10:11,361 --> 00:10:13,780 /Of the 360 students here /at Wiley College. 110 00:10:13,947 --> 00:10:15,407 /Only 45 of you were /brave enough... 111 00:10:15,824 --> 00:10:17,159 /to try out for the debate team. 112 00:10:17,451 --> 00:10:21,663 /Of that 45 only 4 be who'll remain standing when the tryouts are over. 113 00:10:21,747 --> 00:10:24,750 /Why? Because debate /is blood sport. 114 00:10:25,626 --> 00:10:28,670 It's combat, but your weapons are words. 115 00:10:29,296 --> 00:10:31,757 Come on in. Now that Mr. Farmer has joined us, we can begin. 116 00:10:32,174 --> 00:10:35,594 Sit down, Mr. Farmer. Not right there, over there. 117 00:10:35,969 --> 00:10:37,888 James, come this way! 118 00:10:38,138 --> 00:10:40,182 - Good evening Mrs. Tolson. - Good evening. 119 00:10:41,850 --> 00:10:44,353 - We're waiting for you Mr. Farmer. - I'm going, sir. 120 00:10:44,686 --> 00:10:47,105 Thank you, Mr. Farmer. You smell very good, Mr. Farmer. 121 00:10:47,523 --> 00:10:49,733 - Thank you, sir. - You're very welcome. 122 00:10:51,109 --> 00:10:52,361 Gentelmen and Lady! 123 00:10:52,819 --> 00:10:55,781 This is the hot... 124 00:10:57,991 --> 00:10:59,451 ...spot. 125 00:10:59,618 --> 00:11:02,496 You will enter it at your own risk. 126 00:11:02,955 --> 00:11:04,748 Mr Tolson, what about debaters from last year? 127 00:11:04,790 --> 00:11:06,333 Don't ask a question you already know the answer to. 128 00:11:06,625 --> 00:11:08,669 Get up, you will be first. You, right here in the hotspot. 129 00:11:10,379 --> 00:11:13,090 Debate starts with a proposition, with an idea, resolved. 130 00:11:13,257 --> 00:11:16,885 Child labor should be regulated by the Federal Goverment. 131 00:11:17,553 --> 00:11:19,763 The first debater argues the affirmative. 132 00:11:19,805 --> 00:11:21,390 Affirmative means that you afford something. 133 00:11:21,598 --> 00:11:24,059 Mr. Reed will argue affirmative, the second debater argues the negative. 134 00:11:24,393 --> 00:11:27,104 - Negative means that you are what? - Against. 135 00:11:27,354 --> 00:11:28,522 Brilliant, Mr. Burgess. 136 00:11:28,856 --> 00:11:30,899 You shall argue the affirmative, Mr. Reed, go. 137 00:11:32,818 --> 00:11:36,446 Well, sir I begin with a quote from the poet Cleghorn. 138 00:11:37,322 --> 00:11:40,909 /"The golf links lie so near the mill... 139 00:11:41,702 --> 00:11:46,415 /That almost every day the laboring children can look out and... 140 00:11:46,707 --> 00:11:52,296 /- And... - And watch the man at play? (Sarah Cleghorn) 141 00:11:53,338 --> 00:11:55,507 It that what you learned from last year, Mr. Reed? 142 00:11:56,008 --> 00:11:58,427 To start something and not finish it, is it? 143 00:11:59,887 --> 00:12:01,847 - No sir. - Sit down. 144 00:12:06,351 --> 00:12:09,313 Who's next? You, stand up, stand up. 145 00:12:12,399 --> 00:12:14,776 Is getting late, how much longer can you hide? 146 00:12:14,985 --> 00:12:16,028 I'm not hiding, sir. 147 00:12:16,111 --> 00:12:18,572 I transfered from my college just to come and try out of your team. 148 00:12:18,614 --> 00:12:19,781 I am deeply moved. What's your name? 149 00:12:20,115 --> 00:12:22,409 - Samantha Booke. - Booke? 150 00:12:23,452 --> 00:12:26,747 - With an "e". - Arise Miss Booke with an "e". 151 00:12:28,290 --> 00:12:31,710 Into the hotspot Miss Booke with an "e". 152 00:12:32,586 --> 00:12:36,048 You know there's never been a female on the debating team, ever? 153 00:12:36,632 --> 00:12:38,091 Yes, sir. I know that. 154 00:12:38,300 --> 00:12:39,885 What makes you think you should be the first? 155 00:12:40,385 --> 00:12:43,430 - Because I am just as qualified as... - Withstanding Miss Booke. 156 00:12:43,680 --> 00:12:45,599 -...anybody else. My gender has nothing... - Resolved. 157 00:12:46,266 --> 00:12:47,893 Welfare discourages hard work. 158 00:12:48,685 --> 00:12:50,562 - You're logging the negative. - All right. 159 00:12:51,730 --> 00:12:55,150 Walfare takes away a man strongest reason for working... 160 00:12:57,069 --> 00:12:58,320 Which is survival. 161 00:12:59,238 --> 00:13:03,534 And that weakness the will of the poor. How do you rebut that, Miss Booke with "e"? 162 00:13:04,076 --> 00:13:05,911 I would say it does not. 163 00:13:06,286 --> 00:13:09,665 Most of the new deal goes to children anyway and to the handicapped... 164 00:13:09,957 --> 00:13:11,959 - ...and to old people. - Is it a fact or conjecture? 165 00:13:12,167 --> 00:13:13,210 - It is a fact. - Speak up. 166 00:13:14,044 --> 00:13:16,088 - It is a fact. - What's your source? 167 00:13:16,588 --> 00:13:18,382 - The President. - Of the United States? 168 00:13:18,632 --> 00:13:19,842 Yes, sir. 169 00:13:20,050 --> 00:13:21,218 That's your primary source? 170 00:13:21,218 --> 00:13:22,719 You spoke to president Roosevelt personally? 171 00:13:22,928 --> 00:13:24,930 Of course not. I did not speak to him personally. 172 00:13:25,138 --> 00:13:26,849 But I listen to his "Fire Side Chat". 173 00:13:27,224 --> 00:13:29,351 - A radio broadcast? - Yes. 174 00:13:30,561 --> 00:13:33,230 Any other sources? Any other sources? 175 00:13:36,316 --> 00:13:37,860 Yes, there are other sources... 176 00:13:38,819 --> 00:13:41,947 Like that looking at a mother's eyes when she can't feed her kids. 177 00:13:42,072 --> 00:13:44,783 Without welfare, Mr. Tolson, people would be starving. 178 00:13:45,075 --> 00:13:47,160 - Who is starving, Miss Booke? - The unemployed are starving. 179 00:13:47,327 --> 00:13:50,497 Mr. Burgess here, he is unemployed obviously he's not starving. 180 00:13:53,208 --> 00:13:55,043 I drew you in, Miss Booke. 181 00:13:55,919 --> 00:13:58,922 You gave a faulty premise, so your syllogism fell apart. 182 00:13:59,173 --> 00:14:01,216 - Syllogism? - Your logic fell apart. 183 00:14:01,425 --> 00:14:03,260 Major premise, the unemployed are starving. 184 00:14:03,468 --> 00:14:05,095 Minor premise, Mr. Burgess is unemployed. 185 00:14:05,512 --> 00:14:08,265 Conclusion, Mr. Burgess is starving. 186 00:14:08,432 --> 00:14:10,350 Your major premise was based on a faulty assumption. 187 00:14:10,809 --> 00:14:11,977 Classic fallacy. 188 00:14:14,062 --> 00:14:15,230 Who's next? 189 00:14:21,528 --> 00:14:22,571 You were right. 190 00:14:24,531 --> 00:14:27,451 - Tell us your name. - I'm Henry Lowe with an "e". 191 00:14:27,951 --> 00:14:31,955 All right, Mr. Lowe. I will name a subject, you speak a few words 192 00:14:32,080 --> 00:14:33,874 opportune quote from the literature. 193 00:14:34,583 --> 00:14:35,584 Go ahead. 194 00:14:37,794 --> 00:14:39,213 Beauty. 195 00:14:40,631 --> 00:14:43,800 /"I heard the old, old men say all that's beautiful drifts away... 196 00:14:43,884 --> 00:14:45,844 /...like the waters." (William Butler Yeats) 197 00:14:45,886 --> 00:14:47,846 Very good. History. 198 00:14:49,139 --> 00:14:50,891 And name the author this time. 199 00:14:50,974 --> 00:14:54,269 /"History is a nightmare from which I'm trying to awake." 200 00:14:54,353 --> 00:14:55,771 James Joyce. 201 00:14:58,774 --> 00:15:00,400 Self-pity. 202 00:15:03,195 --> 00:15:06,490 /"I never saw a wild thing sorry for itself." 203 00:15:07,616 --> 00:15:08,992 D. H. Lawrence. 204 00:15:10,619 --> 00:15:13,789 I love D. H. Lawrence, have you ever read? 205 00:15:13,997 --> 00:15:16,333 - Mr. Farmer. - Yes, sir. 206 00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:19,670 I have eyes on the back of my head and ears on both sides. 207 00:15:19,753 --> 00:15:20,796 Stand up. 208 00:15:23,507 --> 00:15:26,760 Tell me the irony in the name Bethlehem Steel Corporation. 209 00:15:28,971 --> 00:15:33,100 Bethlehem is the bithplace of Jesus, Prince of peace. 210 00:15:33,684 --> 00:15:36,186 And Bethlehem Steel makes weapons of war. 211 00:15:36,937 --> 00:15:38,438 Very good, sit down. 212 00:15:39,565 --> 00:15:40,899 Good. 213 00:15:41,066 --> 00:15:42,150 /Who's next? 214 00:15:45,904 --> 00:15:47,406 Samantha. 215 00:15:53,412 --> 00:15:55,122 Mr. Tolson, he is tough, isn't he? 216 00:15:55,956 --> 00:15:57,040 Sure he is. 217 00:15:59,001 --> 00:16:00,377 I'm James. 218 00:16:01,712 --> 00:16:03,338 Is your father Dr. James Farmer? 219 00:16:03,714 --> 00:16:05,257 Yes, he is. 220 00:16:05,716 --> 00:16:09,178 I'm taking the eulogy from him and that man speaks in tongues. 221 00:16:09,261 --> 00:16:12,639 French, Greek, Hebrew, Latin. How many languages does he speak? 222 00:16:12,764 --> 00:16:15,601 - Seven languages. - Seven languages. 223 00:16:17,853 --> 00:16:19,813 He must be the smartest man in Texas. 224 00:16:20,564 --> 00:16:22,649 That's not saying much. 225 00:16:23,025 --> 00:16:24,985 So why do you want to be on the team? 226 00:16:25,819 --> 00:16:27,863 I think, it would be a good training. 227 00:16:28,447 --> 00:16:30,824 - For what? - Being a lawyer. 228 00:16:31,575 --> 00:16:34,077 Lawyer? It's great. 229 00:16:34,745 --> 00:16:37,247 You know how many negro women practise law in the state? 230 00:16:37,372 --> 00:16:38,832 - Two. - Exactly. 231 00:16:39,082 --> 00:16:40,125 One it was a hot. 232 00:16:41,793 --> 00:16:44,546 But look at you, Mr. Farmer, how old are you anyway? 233 00:16:46,298 --> 00:16:47,758 I'll be 16. 234 00:16:48,759 --> 00:16:49,885 In 21 months. 235 00:16:50,052 --> 00:16:54,181 Young lady, James! I just want to thank you. 236 00:16:54,932 --> 00:16:57,476 - For what? - For your performance tonight. 237 00:16:57,809 --> 00:16:59,895 I mean, how many other students have a stand-up to Tolson? 238 00:16:59,978 --> 00:17:02,064 - I did. - No, you answered a question. 239 00:17:02,189 --> 00:17:03,941 And I spout off few quotes. 240 00:17:04,149 --> 00:17:05,400 Miss Brooke with an "e"... 241 00:17:06,944 --> 00:17:09,613 - She fought back. - And lost. 242 00:17:10,280 --> 00:17:14,535 But you did't have to lose. Why isn't the "Fire Side Chat" a legitimate source? 243 00:17:15,160 --> 00:17:16,829 Because Tolson said so? 244 00:17:17,538 --> 00:17:21,291 Nobody has better access to those statistics than the President. 245 00:17:23,168 --> 00:17:25,087 If you'd have called Tolson on that, you'd have won. 246 00:17:27,339 --> 00:17:30,342 I don't know. I'm sure that he would be able to come up with something. 247 00:17:31,677 --> 00:17:33,095 Goodnight, James! 248 00:17:33,095 --> 00:17:34,471 Goodnight, Samantha. 249 00:17:35,472 --> 00:17:38,225 Can you believe that he's 14 years old and he's in the college? 250 00:17:40,018 --> 00:17:41,854 You are gifted, all of you. 251 00:17:42,354 --> 00:17:44,731 But I want you to know that I chose this team for balance. 252 00:17:44,940 --> 00:17:47,067 And none of you should take it as a failure. 253 00:17:48,068 --> 00:17:49,987 As a denigration of your intellect. 254 00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:51,655 Denigrate, that's the word for you. 255 00:17:51,989 --> 00:17:57,244 From Latin word "Niger", to defame, to black. Is always there, isn't it? Even in the dictionary. 256 00:17:57,536 --> 00:18:00,581 Even in the speech of a negro professor. 257 00:18:00,747 --> 00:18:04,960 Somehow black is always acquainted with failure. 258 00:18:05,335 --> 00:18:09,840 Well write in your own dictionary and mark this as a new beginning. 259 00:18:10,257 --> 00:18:12,342 Whether you make the team or not. 260 00:18:13,427 --> 00:18:18,015 The Wiley College for Ransack Society of 1935-36, is as follows. 261 00:18:18,682 --> 00:18:21,268 The debaters will be... 262 00:18:21,685 --> 00:18:24,646 Mr. Hamilton Burgess, from last year's team. 263 00:18:25,022 --> 00:18:26,690 Sit down, Mr. Burgess. 264 00:18:28,317 --> 00:18:29,860 Mr. Henry Lowe. 265 00:18:31,904 --> 00:18:35,699 Our alternates, Miss Samantha Booke with an "e". 266 00:18:37,826 --> 00:18:39,161 And finally... 267 00:18:41,872 --> 00:18:43,540 Junior! Slow down! 268 00:18:43,999 --> 00:18:46,293 - Where is dad? - Quiet, he's writing the lecture. 269 00:18:50,214 --> 00:18:51,965 - Dad. - Junior. 270 00:18:53,217 --> 00:18:55,636 What is the greatest weakness of man? 271 00:18:58,180 --> 00:19:00,015 Not believing? Doubt? 272 00:19:01,058 --> 00:19:04,311 That's it. Thank you Junior. 273 00:19:05,020 --> 00:19:06,230 Matthew 14:31. 274 00:19:06,730 --> 00:19:08,315 That will be the lesson. 275 00:19:08,357 --> 00:19:09,316 Dad. 276 00:19:09,358 --> 00:19:14,530 /"Oh, you of little faith why do you doubt?" 277 00:19:15,239 --> 00:19:17,658 - Dad. - What is it, son? 278 00:19:17,824 --> 00:19:19,409 I made the debate team. 279 00:19:20,452 --> 00:19:24,331 Well, congratulations! And who is on your team? 280 00:19:24,665 --> 00:19:27,751 There is 4 of us, I'm one of the alternates. 281 00:19:28,752 --> 00:19:29,670 Who's ahead of you? 282 00:19:29,920 --> 00:19:31,588 Hamilton Burgess and Henry Lowe. 283 00:19:31,964 --> 00:19:33,590 And another alternate is Samantha Booke. 284 00:19:34,842 --> 00:19:37,261 - There's a girl? - She wants to be a lawyer. 285 00:19:39,429 --> 00:19:41,640 - Lawyer? - She is very intelligent. 286 00:19:44,518 --> 00:19:45,727 Is she pretty? 287 00:19:47,104 --> 00:19:49,273 I don't know. I've never really noticed. 288 00:19:49,940 --> 00:19:53,026 Because extracurricular activities like the debate team are fine. 289 00:19:53,318 --> 00:19:55,612 But you must not take the eye of the ball, son. 290 00:19:55,696 --> 00:19:56,947 Yes, sir. 291 00:19:59,074 --> 00:20:01,118 So, what do we do here? 292 00:20:01,785 --> 00:20:04,955 We do we have to do, so we can do we want to do. 293 00:20:05,956 --> 00:20:08,667 - What do you have to do right now? - My homework. 294 00:20:09,001 --> 00:20:11,003 - Do get toward. - Yes, sir. 295 00:20:20,721 --> 00:20:23,682 My daddy owns grubs so there're as apples, bananas, cookies, 296 00:20:23,891 --> 00:20:27,144 donuts, eggs, figs and gonzolabic. 297 00:20:28,020 --> 00:20:31,148 - Nice. - What is a gonzolabic? 298 00:20:31,899 --> 00:20:33,984 Hogwash, hogwash. 299 00:20:34,818 --> 00:20:36,320 Ready, steady, go! 300 00:20:38,155 --> 00:20:41,742 - Apricot. - Oh, come on. - Why no apricot? 301 00:20:42,534 --> 00:20:43,702 Look out! 302 00:20:47,831 --> 00:20:49,291 Who was there? 303 00:20:49,666 --> 00:20:51,084 I'm not sure. 304 00:21:01,887 --> 00:21:03,263 - Sit down! - You stay put. 305 00:21:14,024 --> 00:21:15,901 - What is it? - It's pig. 306 00:21:18,403 --> 00:21:19,613 Only pig. 307 00:21:19,613 --> 00:21:20,572 Shut up, dog! 308 00:21:22,282 --> 00:21:23,450 Junior get into the car. 309 00:21:23,742 --> 00:21:26,119 - What the hell happened to my hog? - Sorry about that. 310 00:21:27,120 --> 00:21:28,664 Came out of nowhere I didn't see coming. 311 00:21:29,331 --> 00:21:33,252 - You kill my hog, boy . - I'm truly sorry. I gladly pay you for it. 312 00:21:34,253 --> 00:21:36,255 How much? How much you want? 313 00:21:38,924 --> 00:21:40,926 Some cost you 25 dollars. 314 00:21:41,718 --> 00:21:43,345 Only have a few bucks on right now but I can... 315 00:21:52,980 --> 00:21:54,565 I do have a cheque. 316 00:21:55,399 --> 00:21:57,192 My monthly cheque from Wiley College in Marshall. 317 00:21:57,985 --> 00:21:59,945 It's 17 dollars 36 cents. 318 00:22:01,738 --> 00:22:04,825 You may have that, and I would endorse that over to you. 319 00:22:06,994 --> 00:22:08,412 You do what? 320 00:22:09,580 --> 00:22:12,124 I will sign the cheque over to you. 321 00:22:12,958 --> 00:22:16,211 - Well, let me see it. - Is in the car with my wife. 322 00:22:18,005 --> 00:22:19,798 Can I walk to the car now? 323 00:22:25,179 --> 00:22:26,388 Junior, get in the car. 324 00:22:34,188 --> 00:22:36,982 - Give me the salary cheque, Pearl. - We need that money, James. 325 00:22:37,524 --> 00:22:40,402 Just give me the cheque. Come on. 326 00:22:46,867 --> 00:22:48,118 I thought it was in here. 327 00:22:49,286 --> 00:22:51,497 Relax. All right, you'll find. 328 00:22:53,999 --> 00:22:55,542 Here is. 329 00:22:59,880 --> 00:23:01,089 Here it is. 330 00:23:04,092 --> 00:23:06,136 The cheque better be good, boy. 331 00:23:06,220 --> 00:23:07,387 Is good. 332 00:23:14,353 --> 00:23:16,563 Well, pick it up! 333 00:23:32,871 --> 00:23:34,790 What the hell you think you're going? 334 00:23:34,832 --> 00:23:36,917 You gotta help us get this hog in my truck. 335 00:23:37,709 --> 00:23:39,127 Come on, grab the tail in there, boy. 336 00:23:43,257 --> 00:23:44,299 All right, on three. 337 00:23:44,508 --> 00:23:45,551 1, 2, 3. 338 00:23:46,802 --> 00:23:50,889 Damned nigers a bit too good to get the hands dirty. 339 00:24:07,906 --> 00:24:09,867 - Dad. - I told you to get in the car. 340 00:24:10,200 --> 00:24:13,245 When I tell you to do something, Junior, you do it. 341 00:24:17,040 --> 00:24:19,001 - Who's the judge? - The judge is God. 342 00:24:19,418 --> 00:24:20,377 Why is he God? 343 00:24:20,794 --> 00:24:24,089 Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent. 344 00:24:24,464 --> 00:24:26,758 - Who is your opponent? - He doesn't exist. 345 00:24:27,718 --> 00:24:28,969 Why does he not exist? 346 00:24:29,553 --> 00:24:32,556 Because he is a mute dissenting voice of the truth I speak! 347 00:24:32,723 --> 00:24:33,974 Who is the judge? 348 00:24:34,183 --> 00:24:35,475 The judge is God. 349 00:24:35,976 --> 00:24:37,060 Why is he God? 350 00:24:37,394 --> 00:24:40,480 Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent. 351 00:24:41,148 --> 00:24:43,025 - Who's your opponent? - He doesn't exist. 352 00:24:43,817 --> 00:24:45,319 Why does he not exist? 353 00:24:45,611 --> 00:24:49,114 Because he is a mute dissenting voice of the truth I speak! 354 00:24:50,616 --> 00:24:51,825 Who is the judge? 355 00:24:52,034 --> 00:24:53,160 The judge is God. 356 00:24:53,660 --> 00:24:54,620 Why is he God? 357 00:24:54,870 --> 00:24:58,457 Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent. 358 00:24:58,707 --> 00:25:00,709 - Who is your opponent? - He doesn't exist. 359 00:25:00,959 --> 00:25:01,960 Why does he not exist? 360 00:25:02,252 --> 00:25:05,923 Because he is a mute dissenting voice of the truth I speak! 361 00:25:06,924 --> 00:25:07,925 Who is the judge? 362 00:25:08,175 --> 00:25:09,760 - The judge is God. - Louder! 363 00:25:09,968 --> 00:25:11,428 The judge is God. 364 00:25:11,720 --> 00:25:12,721 Why is he God? 365 00:25:12,930 --> 00:25:15,724 Because he decides who wins or loses not my opponent. 366 00:25:16,016 --> 00:25:17,643 - Who is your opponent? - He doesn't exist. 367 00:25:17,976 --> 00:25:19,478 Why does he not exist? 368 00:25:19,645 --> 00:25:22,940 Because he is a mute dissenting voice of the truth I speak! 369 00:25:23,023 --> 00:25:23,899 Speak the truth! 370 00:25:24,191 --> 00:25:25,400 Speak the truth! 371 00:25:25,817 --> 00:25:27,277 Yes, sir. I do like to talk. 372 00:25:27,694 --> 00:25:29,196 Is that a virtue or a vice? 373 00:25:29,446 --> 00:25:33,575 Well, I have to admit I've always wanted to be the quiet mysterious type. 374 00:25:33,992 --> 00:25:35,911 Only I can't keep my mouth ain't long enough. 375 00:25:36,203 --> 00:25:38,789 Would you punch yourself on a street fight, Mr. Burgess? 376 00:25:40,040 --> 00:25:40,999 No, sir. 377 00:25:41,208 --> 00:25:42,584 Then don't punch yourself in a word fight. 378 00:25:43,252 --> 00:25:44,670 You don't have to make fun of yourself. 379 00:25:45,420 --> 00:25:48,549 Use your humor against your opponent. 380 00:25:50,217 --> 00:25:52,219 - Mr. Farmer. - Yes sir. 381 00:25:54,179 --> 00:25:57,724 Happy Mr. Farmer, tell us one thing we don't know about your father. 382 00:25:58,058 --> 00:26:02,062 - He is the first negro PhD. - One thing we don't know about your father, Mr. Farmer. 383 00:26:05,232 --> 00:26:10,112 He walked from Florida to Massachusetts to go to College at Boston University. 384 00:26:10,153 --> 00:26:12,990 He graduated magna cum laude. 385 00:26:14,324 --> 00:26:15,492 Mr. Lowe. 386 00:26:19,621 --> 00:26:20,747 Tell us about your father. 387 00:26:21,206 --> 00:26:23,458 Why don't you tell us something about your father? 388 00:26:23,500 --> 00:26:25,669 I'm trying to get to know each other, Mr. Lowe. 389 00:26:25,669 --> 00:26:27,379 And I'm just trying to get to know you, Mr. Tolson. 390 00:26:27,421 --> 00:26:29,006 I'm not the one on the debate team. 391 00:26:29,089 --> 00:26:30,674 Are we not engaged in the debate right now? 392 00:26:32,676 --> 00:26:33,927 All right. 393 00:26:35,262 --> 00:26:37,014 I'll take the affirmative. 394 00:26:40,392 --> 00:26:44,062 Take the meanest, most restless nigger. 395 00:26:45,689 --> 00:26:48,233 Strip him off his clothes in front of the remaining male niggers, 396 00:26:48,525 --> 00:26:50,027 female niggers and niggers infants. 397 00:26:50,402 --> 00:26:52,571 Tar and feather him. 398 00:26:52,696 --> 00:26:55,407 Tie each leg to a horse facing in opposite direction, 399 00:26:55,449 --> 00:26:57,618 Set him on fire and beat both horses, 400 00:26:57,659 --> 00:26:59,203 until they tear him apart. 401 00:27:00,287 --> 00:27:02,873 In front of the male, female and nigger infants. 402 00:27:04,249 --> 00:27:08,295 Both whip and beat the remaining nigger males within an inch of their life. 403 00:27:08,420 --> 00:27:09,796 Do not kill them. 404 00:27:09,922 --> 00:27:11,840 But put the fear of God in them. 405 00:27:12,132 --> 00:27:14,468 For they can be useful for future breeding. 406 00:27:15,219 --> 00:27:16,512 Anybody know who Willy Lynch was? 407 00:27:16,720 --> 00:27:18,347 Anybody? Raise your hand? No one? 408 00:27:18,430 --> 00:27:20,974 He was a vicious slave-owner in the West Indies. 409 00:27:21,141 --> 00:27:24,520 The slave-masters in the colony of Virginia were having trouble 410 00:27:24,603 --> 00:27:26,146 "controlling" their slaves, 411 00:27:27,022 --> 00:27:30,275 So they sent for Mr. Lynch to teach them his methods. 412 00:27:30,400 --> 00:27:33,654 The word "lynching" came from his last name. 413 00:27:34,238 --> 00:27:36,907 His methods were very simple, but they were diabolical. 414 00:27:37,866 --> 00:27:39,868 Keep the slave physically strong, 415 00:27:40,285 --> 00:27:42,788 But psychologically weak and dependent on the slave master. 416 00:27:43,664 --> 00:27:46,166 Keep the body, take the mind. 417 00:27:48,752 --> 00:27:49,962 I... 418 00:27:50,087 --> 00:27:53,006 ...and any other professor on this campus... 419 00:27:54,299 --> 00:27:56,760 ...are here to help you... 420 00:27:58,470 --> 00:28:02,516 ...to find, take back and keep... 421 00:28:02,641 --> 00:28:04,226 ...your righteous mind. 422 00:28:06,103 --> 00:28:08,856 Because obviously you have lost it. 423 00:28:11,149 --> 00:28:13,861 That is all you need to know about me, Mr. Lowe. 424 00:28:18,532 --> 00:28:19,825 Class dismissed. 425 00:30:08,976 --> 00:30:10,519 - Wanna dance? - Yes. 426 00:30:11,812 --> 00:30:12,938 Come. 427 00:30:29,329 --> 00:30:30,706 You're good dancer. 428 00:30:31,415 --> 00:30:34,376 Thank you, I practice in my room. 429 00:30:36,044 --> 00:30:37,421 Keep it. 430 00:30:39,548 --> 00:30:43,552 - Excuse me, your punch. - Thank you. 431 00:30:47,306 --> 00:30:48,932 It's better I go to get me some punch. 432 00:30:49,224 --> 00:30:51,435 Here. Take my if you want. It's good. 433 00:30:53,729 --> 00:30:54,938 All right? 434 00:30:57,524 --> 00:31:00,611 You know, I can take you to a place where's real music, right? 435 00:31:01,528 --> 00:31:05,032 - I'm not living here, Henry. - Just for a spell. I'll bring you right back. 436 00:31:05,699 --> 00:31:07,618 And what would my chaperone say? 437 00:31:09,036 --> 00:31:11,371 You'll be back before she ever knows you're gone. 438 00:31:16,919 --> 00:31:18,295 What's the matter, you afraid? 439 00:31:29,556 --> 00:31:32,309 What's the matter, you afraid? 440 00:32:15,102 --> 00:32:17,437 Mr. Tolson. 441 00:32:40,002 --> 00:32:41,336 Mr. Tolson! 442 00:33:55,911 --> 00:33:59,081 And tell them the sharecroppers are just wage them 443 00:33:59,081 --> 00:34:01,208 So they don't have to slip their farms on substitute 444 00:34:01,208 --> 00:34:05,254 And that's why the Southern Tenant Farmers Union want you to organize. 445 00:34:05,796 --> 00:34:07,089 To make things right. 446 00:34:07,631 --> 00:34:10,592 - Well, how? Strike? - They'll be just bringing the mexicans. 447 00:34:10,801 --> 00:34:11,927 We'll organise them too. 448 00:34:12,010 --> 00:34:14,429 Yes, so they could shoot us all down, white, colored and mexicans. 449 00:34:14,513 --> 00:34:16,181 That is exactly what they want you to believe. 450 00:34:16,265 --> 00:34:17,307 The farmer boys want you to believe that... 451 00:34:17,558 --> 00:34:18,851 ...they'll make war, but they won't. 452 00:34:18,892 --> 00:34:21,144 They may be fools but they are smart businessman. 453 00:34:21,395 --> 00:34:23,230 And once we organize, they'll see, 454 00:34:23,605 --> 00:34:25,440 Even guns can't stop us. 455 00:34:25,482 --> 00:34:28,151 - They stopped them in Elaine. - Why don't you talk about that? 456 00:34:28,193 --> 00:34:31,405 About how they killed 100 colored sharecroppers for trying to organize. 457 00:34:31,697 --> 00:34:36,034 - That was 1919, friend. - There was my dad and they gunned down, friend. 458 00:34:36,118 --> 00:34:37,578 We're sorry about that. 459 00:34:37,661 --> 00:34:40,873 But those men stood alone, that's my point. 460 00:34:41,039 --> 00:34:42,374 This is 1935. 461 00:34:43,167 --> 00:34:44,960 We got the National Labor- Relations Board, 462 00:34:45,169 --> 00:34:47,880 - We've got the A. F. of L. (American Federation of Labor). - You ain't got shit. 463 00:34:47,880 --> 00:34:49,840 He ain't got shit. 464 00:35:00,809 --> 00:35:02,352 Hey they come! Hey they come! 465 00:35:02,561 --> 00:35:05,189 Get the lights! Everybody get down. 466 00:35:50,901 --> 00:35:53,111 Come on. Let's go. 467 00:36:00,994 --> 00:36:02,579 This way. 468 00:36:37,030 --> 00:36:38,490 Come on. All right. 469 00:36:43,078 --> 00:36:44,913 What are doing out here? 470 00:36:45,497 --> 00:36:49,042 I saw you. I was walking by your house and I saw you dressed plainly. 471 00:36:49,334 --> 00:36:52,004 I'm dressed like them, son. You think they'd listen to me if I was wearing a tuxedo? 472 00:36:53,463 --> 00:36:55,966 Listen to me! Are you listening? 473 00:36:56,842 --> 00:36:59,887 You can not tell anybody what you saw tonight. You understand? 474 00:36:59,928 --> 00:37:01,096 Not even my wife knows about this. 475 00:37:01,388 --> 00:37:02,514 I won't tell anybody. I promise. 476 00:37:03,557 --> 00:37:06,226 I promise on Sacred Bible I won't tell anybody. 477 00:37:06,268 --> 00:37:06,935 Jesus... 478 00:37:12,191 --> 00:37:13,400 Come on. 479 00:37:50,020 --> 00:37:51,563 Junior... 480 00:37:52,564 --> 00:37:54,775 Are you just gonna stay in there? 481 00:37:55,651 --> 00:37:56,860 No, sir. 482 00:38:06,787 --> 00:38:07,996 Sorry, I'm late. 483 00:38:08,914 --> 00:38:13,043 You're sorry? Is 1 o'clock in the morning. 484 00:38:13,585 --> 00:38:15,963 I've been looking everywhere for you. 485 00:38:15,963 --> 00:38:18,465 I went to Mr. Tolson's house after dance. 486 00:38:21,343 --> 00:38:24,930 I thought you might have done that. That's why I went over there. 487 00:38:26,390 --> 00:38:30,894 I talked to Ruth. She said, Tolson was gone and that you weren't there. 488 00:38:32,604 --> 00:38:37,151 Son, I give you another chance. Where were you? 489 00:38:38,777 --> 00:38:41,238 - I can't tell you, sir. - Good Lord, boy. 490 00:38:41,363 --> 00:38:43,740 We've been worried to death about you. 491 00:38:44,116 --> 00:38:47,786 Junior, where were you? 492 00:38:50,414 --> 00:38:52,332 - I can't tell you sir. - Why not? 493 00:38:52,666 --> 00:38:55,210 - I don't know. - I don't know? 494 00:38:57,045 --> 00:38:59,423 I don't know is not an acceptable answer, Junior. 495 00:39:01,800 --> 00:39:04,136 - Junior. - Silence is not an option either. 496 00:39:06,430 --> 00:39:09,266 - You've been drinking? - Honey. 497 00:39:09,308 --> 00:39:11,393 Because you must have been drinking, coming up in my house... 498 00:39:11,476 --> 00:39:14,605 ...talking about you don't wanna tell me where you've been at 1:30 in the morning. 499 00:39:14,688 --> 00:39:17,983 - Come on baby, tell me what's the matter. - Mum, nothing is the matter. 500 00:39:18,066 --> 00:39:20,861 Now, something is the matter, something is wrong. 501 00:39:20,861 --> 00:39:23,197 Were you with that girl, were you with that girl? 502 00:39:23,197 --> 00:39:24,781 No. 503 00:39:24,781 --> 00:39:27,868 Because you're 14 years old, Junior. You've got plenty of time for girls later. 504 00:39:28,076 --> 00:39:29,203 I wasn't with Samantha. 505 00:39:29,328 --> 00:39:30,162 Junior. 506 00:39:32,122 --> 00:39:33,540 Then where were you? 507 00:39:36,752 --> 00:39:38,253 Where were you, honey? 508 00:39:40,255 --> 00:39:42,799 You don't wanna talk? 509 00:39:42,799 --> 00:39:44,593 Fine. 510 00:39:44,593 --> 00:39:46,386 But you're not leaving this house. 511 00:39:46,386 --> 00:39:48,514 - What do you mean? - Just what I said. 512 00:39:48,722 --> 00:39:51,099 You're not leaving this house until you tell me the truth. 513 00:39:51,391 --> 00:39:54,561 - What about school? - Don't go question on what I just said, boy. 514 00:39:54,561 --> 00:39:56,480 - Mum, what about school? - And don't raise your voice! 515 00:39:56,480 --> 00:39:57,856 I'm not raising my voice. 516 00:39:57,981 --> 00:39:59,691 You're gonna raising your voice in the house? 517 00:39:59,691 --> 00:40:01,151 I am not raising my voice! 518 00:40:01,235 --> 00:40:03,445 You do for me the job, pay all the wages? Are you a man, now? 519 00:40:03,445 --> 00:40:05,823 - I'm not not raising my voice! - Just apologise! 520 00:40:06,240 --> 00:40:08,700 I didn't say anything what shall I apologise. 521 00:40:09,034 --> 00:40:11,662 Like you apologized that pig farmer? 522 00:40:11,662 --> 00:40:13,247 What you said, boy? 523 00:40:20,587 --> 00:40:21,713 You go to your room. 524 00:40:25,551 --> 00:40:26,760 Junior... 525 00:40:38,063 --> 00:40:40,399 I'm not going to be weak on this, Pearl. 526 00:40:41,191 --> 00:40:42,151 I know. 527 00:40:44,444 --> 00:40:46,864 Can't allow my son to be corrupt. 528 00:40:48,448 --> 00:40:51,827 You're right. Now let's just go to bed. 529 00:40:53,954 --> 00:40:55,873 I'll take him to school in the morning. 530 00:40:55,873 --> 00:40:58,542 - All right? - All right. 531 00:41:11,847 --> 00:41:14,141 I will be honest with you, boys. I'm not well. 532 00:41:14,808 --> 00:41:16,727 I'm not well at all this morning. 533 00:41:16,935 --> 00:41:19,271 I'm sure sorry to hear that, sir. 534 00:41:19,855 --> 00:41:21,982 But you look well than me. Don't he look well? 535 00:41:21,982 --> 00:41:23,984 Yes, sir. You look really good. 536 00:41:24,067 --> 00:41:27,321 Now we've got some white fellows from up north coming to our town. 537 00:41:27,988 --> 00:41:30,699 These turn up trouble between our coloreds and our whites. 538 00:41:31,283 --> 00:41:33,368 They say that we need to make a union. 539 00:41:33,577 --> 00:41:36,788 The sharecroppers and the workers, all together colored and white. 540 00:41:36,914 --> 00:41:40,417 They need make a union? How do you boys feel about that? 541 00:41:41,543 --> 00:41:43,462 I don't know sir. I really don't know much about that. 542 00:41:45,088 --> 00:41:48,467 It's a bad idea. It's bad idea. Take my word for it. 543 00:41:49,343 --> 00:41:50,385 Yes, sir. 544 00:41:50,802 --> 00:41:54,264 And they said that there was some kind of secret meeting last night down near the lake. 545 00:41:54,515 --> 00:41:56,099 Now, do you boys know about that? 546 00:41:56,391 --> 00:41:57,309 No, sir. 547 00:41:58,268 --> 00:41:59,770 You don't know about that? 548 00:42:01,772 --> 00:42:03,565 - Samuel? - No, sir. 549 00:42:03,565 --> 00:42:04,900 - You didn't hear about that? - No, sir. 550 00:42:04,900 --> 00:42:06,610 - You swear to me? - Yes, sir. Yes, sir, I swear. 551 00:42:10,572 --> 00:42:11,782 All right, then. 552 00:42:14,868 --> 00:42:16,119 See you later. 553 00:42:16,411 --> 00:42:18,872 Our first debate... 554 00:42:19,206 --> 00:42:22,459 ...is one week from today. 555 00:42:22,501 --> 00:42:23,752 PAUL QUINN 556 00:42:23,794 --> 00:42:25,420 - One week? - That's right. 557 00:42:26,213 --> 00:42:28,131 I thought Prairie View is first. 558 00:42:28,215 --> 00:42:30,634 Prairie View is tough, so I thought we're needed to warm up. 559 00:42:30,676 --> 00:42:32,970 With the best negro college in the State? 560 00:42:33,303 --> 00:42:36,139 That's right, Mr. Burgess. Is that frighten you? 561 00:42:36,181 --> 00:42:37,349 Yes, sir. 562 00:42:38,100 --> 00:42:40,727 One week is not enough time to write our arguments. 563 00:42:41,019 --> 00:42:43,272 You do the research, I write the arguments. 564 00:42:43,397 --> 00:42:46,024 Wait. You? You write the arguments? 565 00:42:46,108 --> 00:42:47,484 And you deliver them, Mr. Lowe. 566 00:42:47,484 --> 00:42:49,236 What the hell do I look like, a mailman? 567 00:42:49,319 --> 00:42:52,489 Hell is where you're headed if you question me again. 568 00:42:53,240 --> 00:42:55,075 In theory you look like a student. 569 00:42:55,367 --> 00:42:57,369 So what you're saying is I'm not capable? 570 00:42:57,494 --> 00:43:00,080 Is not a matter of competence it's a matter of experience. 571 00:43:00,289 --> 00:43:02,207 - How do I know you...? - I write the arguments. 572 00:43:02,708 --> 00:43:05,544 That's the way has been, that's the way is going to be. 573 00:43:06,753 --> 00:43:07,880 Any more questions? 574 00:43:10,841 --> 00:43:11,717 One week. 575 00:43:15,304 --> 00:43:17,931 I'm bringing to you our first affirmative debater... 576 00:43:18,891 --> 00:43:20,809 From Paul Quinn College: 577 00:43:21,351 --> 00:43:23,103 Oquery Hobert. 578 00:43:30,777 --> 00:43:34,448 Resolved. Unemployment's relief should be ended, 579 00:43:34,781 --> 00:43:37,284 When the depression ends. 580 00:43:38,202 --> 00:43:39,703 If the depression ends. 581 00:43:39,745 --> 00:43:43,290 I've traveled back through the history to 1536, 582 00:43:43,290 --> 00:43:45,584 when the first followers of England were mandate. 583 00:43:45,667 --> 00:43:48,921 In those days the dole or welfare as we call it. 584 00:43:49,129 --> 00:43:51,048 Was founded by voluntary contributions. 585 00:43:51,924 --> 00:43:53,842 But as time passed... 586 00:43:54,259 --> 00:43:56,136 ...the English devised the allowed system. 587 00:43:56,512 --> 00:43:58,347 The first unemployment relief. 588 00:43:58,555 --> 00:44:01,600 Only now it was paid but involuntary contributions. 589 00:44:02,434 --> 00:44:04,645 More commonly known as taxes. 590 00:44:06,021 --> 00:44:07,898 The allowed system was a disaster. 591 00:44:08,023 --> 00:44:10,859 Don't need real unemployment relief as to give a man a job. 592 00:44:10,901 --> 00:44:13,487 But to do that you have to give economy life. 593 00:44:13,862 --> 00:44:16,114 Not tax it to death. 594 00:44:21,954 --> 00:44:23,789 When capitalism was young 595 00:44:23,872 --> 00:44:26,708 the old puritanical concept to duty was: 596 00:44:26,750 --> 00:44:29,336 He who does not work so not eat. 597 00:44:29,503 --> 00:44:33,048 And that made sense when it was more work than men willing to do it. 598 00:44:33,173 --> 00:44:34,633 But those days are gone. 599 00:44:34,967 --> 00:44:38,595 Now there are many who want to work, but find themselves standing in breadlines. 600 00:44:38,679 --> 00:44:40,305 Now should they not eat? 601 00:44:40,389 --> 00:44:41,723 Because there are no jobs? 602 00:44:41,849 --> 00:44:43,767 People, today we need a new concept to duty. 603 00:44:44,017 --> 00:44:46,353 The right of the individual to demand from society 604 00:44:46,562 --> 00:44:48,397 is just as much as he gives to society. 605 00:44:52,860 --> 00:44:55,529 We clutch on anything that even looks like a solution. 606 00:44:55,904 --> 00:44:58,615 60 million dollars on month for public relief. 607 00:44:59,324 --> 00:45:02,786 Pay it out if it'll sweep the hobos off the streets. 608 00:45:02,828 --> 00:45:06,415 One seventh of the population of the US are on welfare. 609 00:45:07,082 --> 00:45:09,209 Fine, as long as it ends our misery. 610 00:45:09,543 --> 00:45:12,045 A nation as desperate as this... 611 00:45:12,171 --> 00:45:14,006 ...is a danger to itself. 612 00:45:18,802 --> 00:45:23,056 Once, a Roman general brought peace to a rebellious province... 613 00:45:24,600 --> 00:45:26,602 ...by killing all its citizens. 614 00:45:27,186 --> 00:45:28,770 Even the stalled Romans were shocked. 615 00:45:28,812 --> 00:45:32,065 One of them wrote: "Solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant". 616 00:45:32,649 --> 00:45:36,236 Which means they create desolation and call it peace. 617 00:45:37,279 --> 00:45:42,201 Now for all their facts and figures the Paul Quinn debaters would also create desolation 618 00:45:42,201 --> 00:45:43,619 And call it peace. 619 00:45:43,702 --> 00:45:47,581 They would allow the unemployed to die so the economy can live. 620 00:46:05,641 --> 00:46:07,893 A brilliant young woman I know was asked once 621 00:46:07,893 --> 00:46:10,938 to support her argument in favor social welfare. 622 00:46:11,939 --> 00:46:14,358 She named the most powerful source imaginable. 623 00:46:14,817 --> 00:46:18,362 The look in a mother's face when she can not feed her children. 624 00:46:22,366 --> 00:46:25,077 Can you look that hungry child in the eyes? 625 00:46:25,536 --> 00:46:28,247 See the blood on his feet from walking barefoot in the cotton fields? 626 00:46:28,622 --> 00:46:31,583 Or do you ask his baby sister with the belly swollen from hunger, 627 00:46:31,625 --> 00:46:34,378 she cares about her daddy's work ethic?! 628 00:46:44,054 --> 00:46:45,681 He is good. 629 00:46:46,515 --> 00:46:49,685 Wiley! Wiley! 630 00:47:05,742 --> 00:47:07,828 The only thing that matters that big fish and little fish, 631 00:47:08,036 --> 00:47:10,414 and the color of the fish does not count. 632 00:47:11,707 --> 00:47:13,250 WON 2. LOST 0. 633 00:47:13,876 --> 00:47:18,505 If in the state of Missisipi was turned a head each and every time a negro was lynched. 634 00:47:18,589 --> 00:47:20,799 You've seen the Federal Government intervene? 635 00:47:26,305 --> 00:47:27,556 WON 3. LOST 0. 636 00:47:35,314 --> 00:47:38,108 Wiley! Wiley! 637 00:47:41,111 --> 00:47:42,154 WON 6. LOST 0. 638 00:47:57,628 --> 00:47:59,296 And the winner is... /Fisk University/ 639 00:48:02,841 --> 00:48:04,092 Wiley College. 640 00:48:11,099 --> 00:48:13,060 WON 8. LOST 0. 641 00:48:14,603 --> 00:48:17,523 WON: Infinity. 642 00:48:24,613 --> 00:48:27,282 WILEY COLLEGE DEBATERS NEW CONFERENCE CHAMPIONS 643 00:48:42,923 --> 00:48:44,967 That's right captain, I think I've got the ring leader. 644 00:48:48,345 --> 00:48:50,180 All right, if that's what you want. 645 00:48:51,890 --> 00:48:54,560 Yes, okey-dokey then. Bye-bye. 646 00:48:57,187 --> 00:48:59,606 - Shit. - Who was that? 647 00:48:59,898 --> 00:49:01,191 Captain Wainwright. 648 00:49:01,900 --> 00:49:03,318 Texas Rangers? 649 00:49:06,196 --> 00:49:09,741 He wants me to hold off on picking this fellow up, 650 00:49:09,908 --> 00:49:12,327 until him and his boys get up here. 651 00:49:12,411 --> 00:49:14,746 Shit. He wants to get his picture on paper. 652 00:49:15,205 --> 00:49:18,375 Yeah. We do all of the work and they get all of the glory. 653 00:49:22,212 --> 00:49:23,881 I guess that's the way the world is. 654 00:49:26,508 --> 00:49:28,302 Am I right Samuel? 655 00:49:34,558 --> 00:49:36,602 I've an announcement to make. Excuse me. 656 00:49:38,312 --> 00:49:40,522 Recently I - ahm, we - 657 00:49:41,315 --> 00:49:44,401 Sent some letters to some major universities. 658 00:49:45,611 --> 00:49:48,780 Told them all about us, our team, what we've been doing, 659 00:49:50,199 --> 00:49:52,868 And yesterday we've got response. 660 00:49:54,745 --> 00:49:56,830 From Oklahoma City University. 661 00:49:57,039 --> 00:49:58,957 - Are they a...? - Anglo-Saxons, yes. 662 00:49:59,833 --> 00:50:02,127 We'll be the first negro college in America, 663 00:50:02,336 --> 00:50:04,046 Well, one of the first negro colleges in America, 664 00:50:04,046 --> 00:50:05,672 To have a debate in a white college. 665 00:50:05,672 --> 00:50:06,840 All right. 666 00:50:07,049 --> 00:50:08,550 University of Oklahoma. 667 00:50:08,759 --> 00:50:11,637 Not University of Oklahoma. Oklahoma City University. 668 00:50:11,803 --> 00:50:14,473 The debate will take place at an out-campus site. 669 00:50:15,516 --> 00:50:17,100 Wait. At out-campus site? Why? 670 00:50:17,351 --> 00:50:20,979 Because sometimes, Mr. Lowe you have to take things one step at a time. 671 00:50:20,979 --> 00:50:22,981 So what you're saying is that the crackers in Oklahoma... 672 00:50:22,981 --> 00:50:23,982 ...ain't gonna allow us in the campus? 673 00:50:23,982 --> 00:50:26,568 No, what I'm saying is that you have to take things one step at a time. 674 00:50:26,568 --> 00:50:29,029 - This is a great opportunity. - Thank you very much. 675 00:50:29,154 --> 00:50:33,325 A great opportunity? The master just is gonna give us a crumb out of his plate. 676 00:50:37,371 --> 00:50:38,664 What? 677 00:50:39,540 --> 00:50:41,083 I think Lowe here is afraid. 678 00:50:42,251 --> 00:50:43,961 What am I afraid of, James? 679 00:50:44,545 --> 00:50:46,213 I think you're afraid to debate white people. 680 00:50:46,380 --> 00:50:47,506 - Anglo-Saxons. - Anglo-Saxons. 681 00:50:47,756 --> 00:50:49,925 - Thank you very much. - Mr. Tolson let me debate. 682 00:50:50,008 --> 00:50:53,470 I mean I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere. 683 00:50:54,179 --> 00:50:55,889 In a dark alley with no light... 684 00:50:55,931 --> 00:50:58,308 ...with a candle, and the people chasing you down with guns. 685 00:50:58,392 --> 00:51:00,519 Now. I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere. 686 00:51:00,936 --> 00:51:03,188 - I ain't afraid. - I am. 687 00:51:08,235 --> 00:51:09,862 Mr. Tolson when I came here today. 688 00:51:10,070 --> 00:51:12,156 I saw the Sheriff outside watching your house. 689 00:51:13,323 --> 00:51:14,825 What's going on? 690 00:51:20,080 --> 00:51:21,874 Maybe you should ask the Sheriff. 691 00:51:21,957 --> 00:51:24,084 I've been hearing a lot of rumours about what you're doing. 692 00:51:24,543 --> 00:51:26,795 My dad just called Dean last week. 693 00:51:26,795 --> 00:51:29,506 And asked what is a communist doing and teaching at a good Methodist College. 694 00:51:29,506 --> 00:51:31,592 My polics are my business, Mr. Burgees 695 00:51:31,592 --> 00:51:34,303 and I promise you that it will not endanger the team. 696 00:51:34,386 --> 00:51:36,138 But, sir. It is being endangered. 697 00:51:36,305 --> 00:51:39,183 I came to Wiley College to be educated not investigated. 698 00:51:39,183 --> 00:51:41,310 - I understand. - I don't wanna be dragged in anything. 699 00:51:41,393 --> 00:51:42,561 If my parents... 700 00:51:44,688 --> 00:51:46,023 I'm sorry. 701 00:51:47,733 --> 00:51:51,320 Mr. Tolson, please. Just tell me you're not a communist. Otherwise... 702 00:51:51,361 --> 00:51:52,738 Otherwise what? 703 00:51:56,783 --> 00:51:57,910 Otherwise what? 704 00:51:58,118 --> 00:51:59,870 My father said I have to quit. 705 00:51:59,870 --> 00:52:02,289 - Nobody wants that. - Then tell me. 706 00:52:05,292 --> 00:52:09,379 As I said, my polics are my business. 707 00:52:12,132 --> 00:52:14,134 I guess I have to resign. 708 00:52:24,728 --> 00:52:27,773 Mrs. Tolson, thank you for the wonderful dinner. 709 00:52:29,107 --> 00:52:30,859 You're welcome, Hamilton. 710 00:52:33,153 --> 00:52:34,530 Good luck in Oklahoma. 711 00:52:37,115 --> 00:52:38,575 I know you'll win. 712 00:52:54,508 --> 00:52:55,676 All right. Well... 713 00:52:56,385 --> 00:52:59,179 If anybody else wants to quit, I'll understand. 714 00:53:33,463 --> 00:53:35,757 MOUNT SINAI. 715 00:53:45,309 --> 00:53:47,811 Resolved: The negroes should be... 716 00:53:49,521 --> 00:53:52,232 ...should be admitted... 717 00:53:52,608 --> 00:53:54,359 I can't hear you! Louder! 718 00:53:56,028 --> 00:53:57,321 Resolved: 719 00:53:59,031 --> 00:54:00,407 Negroes... 720 00:54:00,532 --> 00:54:03,202 ...should be admitted... 721 00:54:03,494 --> 00:54:05,913 ...to state universities. 722 00:54:06,580 --> 00:54:09,166 My partner and I will prove that... 723 00:54:09,374 --> 00:54:12,252 ...blocking a negroe's admission... 724 00:54:13,128 --> 00:54:16,131 ...to a state university is not only wrong, 725 00:54:16,840 --> 00:54:18,592 It is absurd. 726 00:54:19,593 --> 00:54:24,556 The negro people are not just the color in the American fabric. 727 00:54:25,349 --> 00:54:28,435 They are the thread that holds that all together. 728 00:54:28,769 --> 00:54:31,772 Consider the legal and historical record. 729 00:54:32,397 --> 00:54:35,400 May 13, 1865, sergeant Crocker, a negro... 730 00:54:35,818 --> 00:54:38,487 ...is the last soldier to die in the Civil War. 731 00:54:39,780 --> 00:54:41,698 In 1918 the first US soldiers... 732 00:54:41,782 --> 00:54:44,034 ...decorated for bravery in France... 733 00:54:44,117 --> 00:54:47,329 ...are negroes Henry Johnson and Nedham Roberts. 734 00:54:47,663 --> 00:54:52,000 1920, The New York Times announces that the "n" in "negro"... 735 00:54:52,835 --> 00:54:55,170 ...would hereafter be capitalize. 736 00:54:55,921 --> 00:54:58,966 To force upon south what they are not ready for, 737 00:54:59,967 --> 00:55:02,010 would result in nothing but more racial hatred. 738 00:55:03,345 --> 00:55:08,183 Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois, he is perhaps the most eminent negro scholar in America, 739 00:55:08,350 --> 00:55:09,560 He comments: 740 00:55:10,352 --> 00:55:12,396 /"It's a silly waste of money... 741 00:55:12,646 --> 00:55:14,231 /...time and temper... 742 00:55:14,481 --> 00:55:17,234 /...to try to pelt a powerful majority to do... 743 00:55:17,901 --> 00:55:20,195 /...what they're determined to not to do." 744 00:55:20,988 --> 00:55:23,448 My opponent so conveniently chose to ignore the fact, 745 00:55:24,408 --> 00:55:28,453 That W. E. B. Du Bois is the first negro who receved a PhD, 746 00:55:28,537 --> 00:55:30,664 From a white college called Harvard. 747 00:55:31,039 --> 00:55:32,541 Dr. Du Bois, he adds: 748 00:55:32,541 --> 00:55:33,542 /"It is impossible, 749 00:55:34,585 --> 00:55:39,131 /"Impossible for a negro to receive a proper education... 750 00:55:39,173 --> 00:55:41,049 /...at a white college." 751 00:55:41,258 --> 00:55:43,260 The most eminent negro scholar in America... 752 00:55:43,260 --> 00:55:45,596 ...is the product of the United League education. 753 00:55:45,846 --> 00:55:49,433 You see, Du Bois knows all too well the white man's resistance to change. 754 00:55:49,892 --> 00:55:52,895 But that's no reason to keep a black man out of any college. 755 00:55:53,270 --> 00:55:55,772 If someone didn't force upon the south something it wasn't ready for, 756 00:55:55,856 --> 00:55:58,817 I'd still be in chain, and Miss Booke here'd be running from out of an asset. 757 00:56:03,238 --> 00:56:06,116 I do admit it. It is true. 758 00:56:06,992 --> 00:56:09,661 Far too many whites are afflicted with the disease of racial hatred. 759 00:56:11,371 --> 00:56:15,209 And because of racism it would be impossible for a negro to be happy... 760 00:56:15,542 --> 00:56:17,336 ...in a southern white college today. 761 00:56:18,003 --> 00:56:19,379 And if someone is unhappy... 762 00:56:20,214 --> 00:56:24,218 ...it is impossible to see how they could receive a proper education. 763 00:56:25,219 --> 00:56:29,723 Yes, the time will come when negroes and whites would walk on the same campus. 764 00:56:29,806 --> 00:56:32,392 And we will share the same classrooms. 765 00:56:34,102 --> 00:56:36,563 But sadly that day is not today. 766 00:56:37,147 --> 00:56:40,275 As long as schools are segregated... 767 00:56:41,109 --> 00:56:43,779 ...negroes will receive an education that is both... 768 00:56:43,904 --> 00:56:46,240 ...separate and unequal. 769 00:56:46,573 --> 00:56:48,367 By Oklahoma is on reckoning... 770 00:56:48,659 --> 00:56:51,954 ...the state is currently spending 5 times more... 771 00:56:52,120 --> 00:56:53,747 ...for the education of a white child... 772 00:56:54,540 --> 00:56:56,500 ...than in the spending to educate a colored child. 773 00:56:56,875 --> 00:57:00,254 That means better textbooks for that child than for that child. 774 00:57:00,963 --> 00:57:02,840 I say that's a shame. 775 00:57:02,881 --> 00:57:06,426 But my opponent says today is not the day... 776 00:57:07,094 --> 00:57:09,930 ...for whites and coloreds to go the same college. 777 00:57:10,305 --> 00:57:12,391 To share the same campus. 778 00:57:12,599 --> 00:57:14,434 To walk in the same classroom. 779 00:57:14,685 --> 00:57:17,771 Well, would you be so kind to tell me when is that day gonna come? 780 00:57:17,980 --> 00:57:19,022 Is it gonna come tomorrow? 781 00:57:19,314 --> 00:57:21,400 Is it gonna come next week? In 100 years? 782 00:57:21,692 --> 00:57:22,734 Never? 783 00:57:23,068 --> 00:57:27,281 No! The time for justice, the time for freedom and the time for equality... 784 00:57:27,573 --> 00:57:30,742 Is always, is always right now! 785 00:57:48,552 --> 00:57:50,262 Thank you. 786 00:58:01,773 --> 00:58:03,108 What is this? 787 00:58:03,108 --> 00:58:05,694 I told you is holy wine, but hairy in the chest. 788 00:58:06,028 --> 00:58:07,738 - If you say so. - Good, ain't? 789 00:58:09,740 --> 00:58:11,575 You will bat on me as if you'll need it. 790 00:58:18,957 --> 00:58:20,584 And my weapon were words. 791 00:58:20,751 --> 00:58:24,087 I don't need a gun, I don't need a knife, you see... 792 00:58:25,839 --> 00:58:27,466 Meet me outside in 5 minutes. 793 00:58:28,425 --> 00:58:29,760 And then what? 794 00:58:42,481 --> 00:58:45,484 Honey, nobody knows that better than you know. I'm fine. 795 00:58:46,151 --> 00:58:47,986 - How are you doing, Pearl? - Pearl. 796 00:58:48,278 --> 00:58:50,489 How do you do, I'm just like you. And where's your husband? 797 00:58:50,447 --> 00:58:51,490 He is in the study. 798 00:59:06,588 --> 00:59:09,675 - Dr. Farmer. - Congratulations Melvin. 799 00:59:10,050 --> 00:59:12,052 - Thank you. - You put us on the map. 800 00:59:12,052 --> 00:59:14,972 Well, your son is doing great job, his researching is impeccable. 801 00:59:15,430 --> 00:59:17,432 That's good to hear, good to hear. 802 00:59:18,225 --> 00:59:18,934 Listen. 803 00:59:19,101 --> 00:59:24,064 There're people around town who aren't very happy with your off-campus activities. 804 00:59:25,023 --> 00:59:26,275 They're calling you a radical. 805 00:59:27,234 --> 00:59:29,778 In fact I wouldn't be a bit suprised to find out, 806 00:59:29,820 --> 00:59:32,906 When in the mornin' when I woke up that you're strung up to a tree. 807 00:59:32,447 --> 00:59:34,241 They have to catch me first. 808 00:59:34,533 --> 00:59:37,286 This is serious, Melvin. Very serious. 809 00:59:37,911 --> 00:59:40,539 A hungry negro steals a chicken and he goes to jail. 810 00:59:40,914 --> 00:59:43,792 A rich businessman steals barns, he goes to Congress. 811 00:59:43,792 --> 00:59:45,544 I think that's wrong. 812 00:59:45,544 --> 00:59:47,880 And that makes me radical, a socialist, a communist... 813 00:59:47,880 --> 00:59:49,089 Amen. Amen on that. 814 00:59:49,089 --> 00:59:50,507 - Jesus was radical. - Careful. 815 00:59:50,799 --> 00:59:52,384 - Yes, he was, Jesus was radical. - Careful. 816 00:59:52,718 --> 00:59:56,638 Mental institutions are filled with people who confuse themselves with Jesus Christ. 817 00:59:57,014 --> 00:59:59,266 You confess to Jesus Christ now? 818 00:59:59,349 --> 01:00:02,269 You confess to Jesus Christ? You know what words do. 819 01:00:02,352 --> 01:00:03,687 - Come on now. - Amen. 820 01:00:04,021 --> 01:00:05,522 Don't wanna confuse yourself with Jesus Christ. 821 01:00:05,522 --> 01:00:07,733 No, I am not confused, I'm convinced. 822 01:00:08,525 --> 01:00:10,569 I'm not judging you. 823 01:00:11,862 --> 01:00:14,198 I'm just concerned about your methods. 824 01:00:16,700 --> 01:00:18,202 What methods? 825 01:00:18,785 --> 01:00:21,079 James was there that night, wasn't he? 826 01:00:22,623 --> 01:00:24,333 He was not with me. 827 01:00:24,583 --> 01:00:26,335 - Is he involved in this? - Of course not, James. 828 01:00:26,376 --> 01:00:28,962 I've done everything in my power to keep him out of this. 829 01:00:29,004 --> 01:00:31,381 To keep him out? What? Does he want to be involved? You tell me he wants to involved? 830 01:00:31,381 --> 01:00:34,468 No, he doesn't. Maybe this is something you should discuss with him. 831 01:00:34,676 --> 01:00:37,638 I'm discussing here with you right now and I don't feel like I'm getting the straight answer from you. 832 01:00:37,638 --> 01:00:39,223 No, you're getting a straight answer... 833 01:00:39,348 --> 01:00:41,099 I think that you were there with him that night. 834 01:00:41,099 --> 01:00:43,519 - He was not with me. - He is a 14 years old boy. 835 01:00:43,519 --> 01:00:44,895 I understand that, James. 836 01:00:44,937 --> 01:00:47,397 And I'll do whatever I have to do to protect him, you understand that? 837 01:00:47,481 --> 01:00:48,982 Do anybody thirsty? 838 01:00:50,943 --> 01:00:52,820 - Thank you, thank you. - You're welcome. 839 01:00:55,823 --> 01:00:58,200 - Ruth, this is a fine party. - Thank you. 840 01:00:59,243 --> 01:01:00,661 I think it's time for some sweet potato pie. 841 01:01:00,828 --> 01:01:02,204 - Please. - I help you with that. 842 01:01:11,046 --> 01:01:13,465 Not the time to talk about it. 843 01:01:13,841 --> 01:01:15,092 - Congratulations. - Thank you. 844 01:01:39,992 --> 01:01:41,410 It's so beautiful out here. 845 01:01:43,704 --> 01:01:44,788 Yeah. 846 01:01:44,830 --> 01:01:47,875 I was born near here, up by the lake Jefferson. 847 01:01:49,209 --> 01:01:51,211 I come here since I was a little boy. 848 01:01:52,462 --> 01:01:54,131 Your parents still live around here? 849 01:01:55,090 --> 01:01:57,092 No, they're gone. 850 01:01:57,885 --> 01:01:59,636 My grandparents raised me. 851 01:02:00,721 --> 01:02:05,392 My papa here spent his live building levels around here, for free of course. 852 01:02:05,976 --> 01:02:07,519 He was a slave? 853 01:02:08,770 --> 01:02:10,481 My grandma was always telling me that, 854 01:02:10,481 --> 01:02:13,192 Be good or else the Confederates will rise up 855 01:02:13,275 --> 01:02:14,985 out of the Marshall cemetery, and get me. 856 01:02:22,951 --> 01:02:23,785 What? 857 01:02:24,912 --> 01:02:27,831 I've just never seen this side of you before. 858 01:02:28,207 --> 01:02:29,333 What side? 859 01:02:30,042 --> 01:02:33,003 You seem so calm, so peaceful. 860 01:02:34,421 --> 01:02:36,507 I think the lake does it to me. 861 01:02:36,507 --> 01:02:38,592 I am happy when I'm up here, you know? 862 01:02:40,844 --> 01:02:42,429 It's funny... 863 01:02:56,860 --> 01:02:59,905 A part of me wants just to stay out here by the lake, you know. 864 01:03:01,490 --> 01:03:05,244 To read books all day, hunt or fish when I get hungry. 865 01:03:07,371 --> 01:03:10,165 And the other part want to go everywhere and see everything. 866 01:03:10,457 --> 01:03:13,335 I want to go to New Orleans, and New York, and Chicago, 867 01:03:14,211 --> 01:03:16,421 ...and even San Francisco. 868 01:03:18,632 --> 01:03:22,344 So I wanna go... walking down the road... 869 01:03:24,471 --> 01:03:26,348 ...and disappear. 870 01:03:29,768 --> 01:03:32,479 Maybe you can take me with you. 871 01:05:19,920 --> 01:05:21,338 - Come, over. - What? 872 01:05:21,338 --> 01:05:22,548 The schoolband is playing in the outside. 873 01:05:22,589 --> 01:05:23,507 What? Oh my Jesus! 874 01:05:23,549 --> 01:05:25,801 I thought you said that nobody ever comes here. 875 01:05:25,884 --> 01:05:27,302 Nobody ever does come here, Samantha. 876 01:05:27,344 --> 01:05:28,679 Hold on, hold on. 877 01:05:28,679 --> 01:05:30,430 Henry, come on! 878 01:05:31,098 --> 01:05:32,266 Henry! 879 01:05:33,767 --> 01:05:34,810 Get dressed. 880 01:05:35,352 --> 01:05:36,645 What's going on? 881 01:05:36,687 --> 01:05:39,439 We gonna go get Mr. Tolson and Samantha head back to the campus 882 01:05:39,439 --> 01:05:41,191 And have a paper hour. 883 01:05:41,275 --> 01:05:42,276 Come on, get dressed. 884 01:05:42,317 --> 01:05:45,362 You know, you go get Tolson and I meet up you a bit later on campus. 885 01:05:46,405 --> 01:05:49,700 Come on, Lowe. You know it's gonna be fun... 886 01:06:01,003 --> 01:06:04,006 I guess I tell them you're gonna join us later. 887 01:06:17,060 --> 01:06:18,812 He's gonna join us later. 888 01:06:19,897 --> 01:06:22,191 /Just has to clean his house, that's all. 889 01:06:39,333 --> 01:06:42,503 Great news, great news, great news! 890 01:06:43,712 --> 01:06:46,298 My phone has been ringing off the hook. 891 01:06:46,965 --> 01:06:49,051 University of Michigan wants to debate us. 892 01:06:49,092 --> 01:06:52,387 So does SMU (Southern Methodist University), so does Georgia. Where is Mr. Lowe? 893 01:06:52,471 --> 01:06:54,097 When do I get to debate? 894 01:06:54,181 --> 01:06:56,934 Sooner than you think, James. Sooner than you think. 895 01:06:56,975 --> 01:06:58,018 When? 896 01:06:58,101 --> 01:06:59,102 When you're ready. 897 01:06:59,186 --> 01:07:00,354 I am ready now. 898 01:07:00,395 --> 01:07:02,648 Mr. Tolson, I do not mind if James... 899 01:07:06,401 --> 01:07:08,028 What's wrong? 900 01:07:08,070 --> 01:07:10,197 Maybe I'm tired of this. 901 01:07:10,239 --> 01:07:11,281 Of what? 902 01:07:11,323 --> 01:07:13,158 Of watching another people debate. 903 01:07:13,200 --> 01:07:15,369 When am I get a chance to prove myself? 904 01:07:15,369 --> 01:07:17,371 You are the best researcher, James. 905 01:07:17,412 --> 01:07:19,206 We could not do this without you. 906 01:07:19,206 --> 01:07:21,708 You do plenty without me. 907 01:07:25,921 --> 01:07:27,339 Excuse me. 908 01:07:30,843 --> 01:07:32,302 - James. - What? 909 01:07:32,344 --> 01:07:33,929 James, you wait. 910 01:07:34,972 --> 01:07:37,266 It was so mean what you said in there. 911 01:07:41,228 --> 01:07:42,896 I don't wanna lose your friendship... 912 01:07:42,938 --> 01:07:45,649 How can you lose something that you've never had? 913 01:07:46,316 --> 01:07:48,360 You were never my friend? 914 01:07:48,360 --> 01:07:50,654 Maybe I don't wanna just be your friend. 915 01:07:50,737 --> 01:07:53,699 Maybe it hurts me to be your friend. 916 01:08:09,214 --> 01:08:10,591 Get stringed. 917 01:08:14,511 --> 01:08:16,180 Mr. Tolson! 918 01:08:22,060 --> 01:08:23,228 Where is he? 919 01:08:23,395 --> 01:08:24,980 - Calm down, Henry. - Have you seen him? 920 01:08:25,022 --> 01:08:26,398 No, they don't let us. 921 01:08:26,398 --> 01:08:28,233 - Ain't did unto you, did they? - No, we're fine. 922 01:08:28,317 --> 01:08:29,693 Good day. 923 01:08:29,735 --> 01:08:31,320 I am dr. James Farmer, Wiley College. 924 01:08:31,320 --> 01:08:33,363 This is William Taylor, Mr. Tolson attorney. 925 01:08:33,405 --> 01:08:35,282 - And this is his wife, Ruth. - Hello. 926 01:08:35,365 --> 01:08:37,159 I'd like to see my client, please. 927 01:08:37,201 --> 01:08:38,368 William. 928 01:08:38,410 --> 01:08:40,829 - Sir Dozier, dr James Farmer, this is... - Hello William. 929 01:08:40,871 --> 01:08:41,997 How are you doing today? 930 01:08:42,039 --> 01:08:44,833 - Fine, sir. And you? - Not too bad, not too bad. 931 01:08:44,875 --> 01:08:48,378 Me and William we go a way back. I knew William when I was a boy. 932 01:08:48,962 --> 01:08:51,340 Could I see my client now, sheriff? 933 01:08:51,840 --> 01:08:53,509 Your client? 934 01:08:53,550 --> 01:08:57,304 The fact of the business is, William that your client is kind of busy right now. 935 01:08:57,346 --> 01:08:58,764 Busy doing what? 936 01:08:58,806 --> 01:09:01,099 Sheriff, sheriff. 937 01:09:03,018 --> 01:09:04,478 It's a situation... 938 01:09:04,978 --> 01:09:07,523 - Get some boys out there. - Right. Men! 939 01:09:08,649 --> 01:09:11,985 Let him go, let him go... 940 01:09:15,197 --> 01:09:21,161 Let him go! Let him go! 941 01:09:27,167 --> 01:09:29,127 - They're with you? - That's right. 942 01:09:29,461 --> 01:09:33,048 See, this is what happens to a town when you let the unions in... 943 01:09:33,423 --> 01:09:34,800 ...starts trouble. 944 01:09:34,842 --> 01:09:37,177 People get all wild up about nothing. 945 01:09:37,219 --> 01:09:40,055 One of us is liable to get hurt. If you catch my drift. 946 01:09:41,557 --> 01:09:44,309 Sheriff, it is clear that you have not evidence, 947 01:09:44,351 --> 01:09:45,853 To arrest Mr. Tolson. 948 01:09:46,186 --> 01:09:47,980 So I suggest you let him go. 949 01:09:48,105 --> 01:09:50,649 You suggest it? Who the hell are you? 950 01:09:52,067 --> 01:09:53,694 Couple months ago... 951 01:09:53,902 --> 01:09:56,363 ...there was a raid on the floor of Tilmuch barn. 952 01:09:57,156 --> 01:10:00,909 It was a peaceful and lawful gathering of sharecroppers, 953 01:10:01,118 --> 01:10:05,038 Who were brutally attacked by a gang of violent vigilants. 954 01:10:06,039 --> 01:10:09,251 Now witnesses say that you were there. 955 01:10:09,793 --> 01:10:12,880 If you led that raid, Sheriff, 956 01:10:13,422 --> 01:10:16,466 You're the one who broke the law. Not Tolson. 957 01:10:18,093 --> 01:10:20,304 Are you threatening me, boy? 958 01:10:20,345 --> 01:10:21,680 No, sir. 959 01:10:22,222 --> 01:10:23,474 I wouldn't do that. 960 01:10:23,891 --> 01:10:26,602 But I can not speak for those people outside. 961 01:10:27,936 --> 01:10:31,148 An unjust law is no law at all. 962 01:10:32,191 --> 01:10:34,026 What does that mean? 963 01:10:34,276 --> 01:10:37,070 A mass-slaughter of citizens. 964 01:10:37,529 --> 01:10:40,115 Both white and colored... 965 01:10:40,199 --> 01:10:42,326 by Texas Rangers. 966 01:10:42,367 --> 01:10:45,954 It's that really what you want as a Sheriff of this county? 967 01:10:48,373 --> 01:10:50,751 Now if you'd let Tolson go home, 968 01:10:51,210 --> 01:10:54,922 I believe, I believe these folks outside... 969 01:10:56,215 --> 01:10:58,258 ...they go home as well. 970 01:11:24,827 --> 01:11:27,454 - That pig wasn't worth 25 dollars. - What? 971 01:11:27,788 --> 01:11:29,790 You owe my father some money. 972 01:12:29,725 --> 01:12:31,059 Have a seat, Mr. Farmer. 973 01:12:32,769 --> 01:12:34,646 Oh, Lord... 974 01:12:39,651 --> 01:12:42,112 SMU (Southern Methodist University) has canceled. 975 01:12:42,154 --> 01:12:45,866 University of Georgia sounds like they will follow soon. 976 01:12:45,908 --> 01:12:47,451 Why? 977 01:12:48,660 --> 01:12:50,996 I've been blacklisted. 978 01:12:51,455 --> 01:12:53,165 They're talking about censoring me, 979 01:12:53,207 --> 01:12:55,542 Dean claiming the board have asked me to... 980 01:12:55,584 --> 01:12:58,712 Stop working with sharecroppers or else, 981 01:12:58,754 --> 01:13:00,923 They say that is not my fight. 982 01:13:01,965 --> 01:13:04,218 So... 983 01:13:04,301 --> 01:13:05,969 Things are bad. 984 01:13:06,011 --> 01:13:07,596 My academic career is in jeopardy, 985 01:13:07,679 --> 01:13:10,182 My debate team has nowhere to go. 986 01:13:12,184 --> 01:13:14,228 Anyone know who Antaeus was? 987 01:13:14,269 --> 01:13:18,440 Sure, he was a gigantic wrestler in Greek mythology. 988 01:13:18,982 --> 01:13:22,611 His mother was Gaia, the Goddess of Earth, and... 989 01:13:24,696 --> 01:13:25,906 I mean he was unbeatable, 990 01:13:25,906 --> 01:13:28,283 because any time he was thrown down to the Earth that would make him stronger. 991 01:13:28,826 --> 01:13:31,119 That's correct, it would make him stronger. 992 01:13:31,119 --> 01:13:34,957 Defeat would make him stronger. 993 01:13:34,957 --> 01:13:37,000 You are my students, I am your teacher. 994 01:13:37,417 --> 01:13:40,003 I think that is a sacred trust. 995 01:13:40,462 --> 01:13:43,215 So what do I say to you now? Quit? 996 01:13:43,549 --> 01:13:46,760 Because the Dean says so? Because the Sheriff says so? 997 01:13:46,802 --> 01:13:49,555 Because the Texas Rangers says so? No! 998 01:13:49,596 --> 01:13:52,015 I am diametrically oppose to that. 999 01:13:52,099 --> 01:13:54,643 My message to you is to never quit. 1000 01:13:54,685 --> 01:13:56,061 We are not quiting. 1001 01:13:56,103 --> 01:13:56,979 Good. 1002 01:13:57,020 --> 01:13:58,814 What do you wanna us to do? 1003 01:13:58,814 --> 01:14:00,399 - Debate Harvard. - Harvard? 1004 01:14:00,440 --> 01:14:03,360 Harvard University. They're the reigning national champions. 1005 01:14:03,777 --> 01:14:06,321 If we defeat them, we defeat the best. 1006 01:14:06,738 --> 01:14:08,657 Mr.Tolson, sir! With the whole lotta respect. 1007 01:14:08,657 --> 01:14:10,576 Harvard ain't gonna debate us. 1008 01:14:10,617 --> 01:14:12,744 Not a little Wiley College in Marshall, Texas. 1009 01:14:12,786 --> 01:14:14,121 They know who we are, Henry. 1010 01:14:14,121 --> 01:14:15,914 I've been writing them letters, sending them articles... 1011 01:14:15,998 --> 01:14:17,332 But how do we get them letter back? 1012 01:14:17,416 --> 01:14:18,834 By continuing to win. 1013 01:14:18,876 --> 01:14:21,336 Dr. Farmer has informed me, that Howard University... 1014 01:14:21,378 --> 01:14:23,255 is gonna be in Prairie View next week. 1015 01:14:23,297 --> 01:14:24,715 We annihilated Fisk (Univ.) 1016 01:14:25,257 --> 01:14:26,341 If we eliminate Howard... 1017 01:14:26,633 --> 01:14:28,802 ...we will have beaten the two best negro colleges in Amierica. 1018 01:14:30,012 --> 01:14:33,223 I can guarantee you that I will see to it that Harvard does not ignore that. 1019 01:14:33,807 --> 01:14:35,017 All right? 1020 01:14:35,392 --> 01:14:36,602 Yes. 1021 01:14:46,278 --> 01:14:48,697 - Look forward on that, you don't see on that? - I've been looking all the time. 1022 01:14:48,780 --> 01:14:52,701 - Prairie View, Texas. 127. - You show me where I look, 'cause it's not on. 1023 01:14:52,743 --> 01:14:54,620 127, near Waxer Hutch. 1024 01:14:54,661 --> 01:14:57,623 - It's not there. - Is there, you just can't find it. 1025 01:14:57,664 --> 01:14:59,666 I see 2 and I see 7. 1026 01:14:59,750 --> 01:15:02,294 Right, now look for 1 in front of this and you get it. 1027 01:15:03,795 --> 01:15:06,924 After 126, Before 128. 1028 01:15:07,925 --> 01:15:10,969 I really don't think... Where you get this map? 1029 01:15:54,388 --> 01:15:55,681 What are you doing? 1030 01:15:55,722 --> 01:15:57,599 I'll come down. 1031 01:15:58,600 --> 01:16:00,561 Back in the car, shut the door. 1032 01:16:01,895 --> 01:16:03,814 Nobody move. 1033 01:16:05,440 --> 01:16:08,152 Get down, get down. 1034 01:16:11,572 --> 01:16:13,240 Get down, too. 1035 01:16:29,798 --> 01:16:31,216 There is a negro in that car. 1036 01:16:32,092 --> 01:16:34,094 Come on, let's pick it. 1037 01:17:21,141 --> 01:17:25,187 All right. Everybody sit tight and... 1038 01:17:25,229 --> 01:17:27,815 ...I'll get the keys. 1039 01:17:36,990 --> 01:17:38,700 - How you doing, Mrs. Baker? - I am fine. 1040 01:17:38,742 --> 01:17:40,285 - Are you all right? - Yes, M'am. 1041 01:17:40,494 --> 01:17:42,204 - Nice if you come in. - Thank you. 1042 01:17:48,961 --> 01:17:50,295 Henry. 1043 01:17:55,050 --> 01:17:56,343 Henry! 1044 01:17:57,719 --> 01:17:59,221 Henry! 1045 01:19:00,449 --> 01:19:02,409 Hi baby, how you doing? 1046 01:19:04,828 --> 01:19:07,080 Still waiting for me? 1047 01:19:10,250 --> 01:19:12,461 What's the matter baby? Come on. 1048 01:19:12,711 --> 01:19:14,880 Baby! 1049 01:19:14,880 --> 01:19:18,133 Samantha! 1050 01:19:18,133 --> 01:19:19,593 Shut up, let's go. 1051 01:19:19,635 --> 01:19:21,303 - Where? - Shut up, let's go. 1052 01:19:23,388 --> 01:19:25,849 - Where we going? - Next room. 1053 01:19:29,520 --> 01:19:31,855 Got him, Mr. Tolson. 1054 01:19:48,205 --> 01:19:50,082 Ok, sit... 1055 01:19:54,670 --> 01:19:56,255 Come here. 1056 01:19:56,338 --> 01:19:57,881 Give me a hug. 1057 01:19:59,132 --> 01:20:00,509 Stop. 1058 01:20:04,596 --> 01:20:07,975 /...what I see, great big nigger hanging on the tree... 1059 01:20:10,060 --> 01:20:11,645 You're worthless... 1060 01:20:11,687 --> 01:20:12,938 What? 1061 01:20:13,272 --> 01:20:15,607 You think you are the only one hurt? 1062 01:20:21,405 --> 01:20:23,407 Ok, I'm sorry... 1063 01:20:23,448 --> 01:20:25,450 For everything... 1064 01:20:27,786 --> 01:20:29,121 For drinking... 1065 01:20:30,455 --> 01:20:32,332 I apologise. 1066 01:20:33,041 --> 01:20:35,502 I'm not talking about me. 1067 01:20:51,852 --> 01:20:53,937 You're right. 1068 01:20:53,979 --> 01:20:55,564 I'm gonna talk to her. 1069 01:20:56,815 --> 01:20:59,443 No, no. You won't allowed. She doesn't need to see you like this. 1070 01:21:00,110 --> 01:21:01,445 No, is ok. I'm just gonna talk to her... 1071 01:21:01,570 --> 01:21:03,113 Can you leave me alone? 1072 01:21:09,578 --> 01:21:12,206 Calm down, boy. Stop. 1073 01:21:13,081 --> 01:21:14,833 Stop. I am not playing with you. 1074 01:21:14,875 --> 01:21:16,585 Calm down. 1075 01:21:16,585 --> 01:21:18,170 You're crazy? 1076 01:21:22,800 --> 01:21:24,927 You're never gon' forgot what you saw up there, you understand? 1077 01:21:24,927 --> 01:21:27,054 You're never gon' forgot what you saw up there. 1078 01:21:27,137 --> 01:21:29,640 Can hang and they easy tore off you sometimes sometimes they cut all of your fingers off, 1079 01:21:29,723 --> 01:21:32,059 Your toes, your nose, your ears. 1080 01:21:32,142 --> 01:21:34,019 Sometimes they cut your coverts off. 1081 01:21:34,061 --> 01:21:36,563 Sometimes they skin you alive. 1082 01:21:40,025 --> 01:21:43,028 You'll never be able to forget. 1083 01:21:57,584 --> 01:21:58,544 What do you think he did? 1084 01:21:58,585 --> 01:22:01,380 He did not have to do nothing James, he did not have to do nothing. 1085 01:22:01,380 --> 01:22:03,757 In Texas, they lynch negroes. 1086 01:22:04,800 --> 01:22:06,385 Do you understand? 1087 01:22:07,886 --> 01:22:09,972 So it doesn't matter how good we are, doesn't? 1088 01:22:10,055 --> 01:22:11,765 What do you talk? What? 1089 01:22:11,765 --> 01:22:13,767 This is all useless. 1090 01:22:13,809 --> 01:22:15,435 What are you talking about? 1091 01:22:16,270 --> 01:22:20,524 We're just a bunch of negroes debating each other on subjects we all agree on. 1092 01:22:20,566 --> 01:22:23,360 James, don't talk like that. All right? 1093 01:22:23,610 --> 01:22:26,155 - Why not? - Because you can't. 1094 01:22:27,364 --> 01:22:29,491 Not you. 1095 01:23:13,660 --> 01:23:15,746 Bye. God bless. 1096 01:23:19,458 --> 01:23:21,084 Where is Samantha? 1097 01:23:21,126 --> 01:23:22,544 She's not going with us. 1098 01:23:22,544 --> 01:23:24,004 Why not? 1099 01:23:24,046 --> 01:23:25,631 What do you think? 1100 01:23:26,256 --> 01:23:27,508 I took her to the bus-station. 1101 01:23:27,674 --> 01:23:29,384 She wanted to go back to school. 1102 01:23:31,386 --> 01:23:35,224 You wanted your chance? This is it. 1103 01:23:41,480 --> 01:23:43,857 How can any negro... 1104 01:23:44,399 --> 01:23:46,777 ...defend the punishment of prison... 1105 01:23:46,819 --> 01:23:50,364 When he sees so much oppression in his own life? 1106 01:23:51,824 --> 01:23:53,450 How? 1107 01:23:53,492 --> 01:23:57,830 Because crime itself is a form of oppression. 1108 01:23:58,580 --> 01:24:02,042 And negroes fall victim to more violent crime, 1109 01:24:02,125 --> 01:24:05,504 than any other race in America. 1110 01:24:08,215 --> 01:24:09,633 For us... 1111 01:24:09,675 --> 01:24:14,012 Prison not only offers protection, but retribution. 1112 01:24:14,054 --> 01:24:15,013 Yes, it is. 1113 01:24:15,097 --> 01:24:16,682 And for the criminal... 1114 01:24:16,723 --> 01:24:19,434 It is a dark gift... 1115 01:24:19,977 --> 01:24:23,397 The hardship that introduces a man to himself... 1116 01:24:24,982 --> 01:24:27,484 That rouses his passion for freedom... 1117 01:24:28,360 --> 01:24:30,320 His hope for redemption. 1118 01:24:38,370 --> 01:24:41,081 Our next debater from Wiley College, 1119 01:24:41,123 --> 01:24:43,792 Mr. James Farmer Junior. 1120 01:24:43,834 --> 01:24:46,336 Mr. Farmer. 1121 01:25:49,983 --> 01:25:51,652 Mum. 1122 01:25:57,115 --> 01:25:58,909 Mum. 1123 01:26:30,065 --> 01:26:31,066 Honey! 1124 01:26:32,609 --> 01:26:33,694 Hi! 1125 01:26:37,406 --> 01:26:38,740 So... 1126 01:26:40,659 --> 01:26:41,994 We lost. 1127 01:26:42,035 --> 01:26:43,996 I'm sorry. 1128 01:26:45,747 --> 01:26:47,499 This came... 1129 01:26:49,251 --> 01:26:50,711 Harvard? 1130 01:26:51,420 --> 01:26:52,296 Who sent this? 1131 01:26:53,338 --> 01:26:56,258 - Go on, open it! And read it. - It seems that someone opened it already. 1132 01:26:56,300 --> 01:26:57,885 Not me. 1133 01:26:58,760 --> 01:27:01,263 - You didn't open it already? - No. 1134 01:27:02,306 --> 01:27:04,183 You are not a good liar. 1135 01:27:08,812 --> 01:27:10,689 Out loud! 1136 01:27:13,942 --> 01:27:16,403 Dear Mr. Tolson. Thank you for informing us... 1137 01:27:16,445 --> 01:27:18,822 about your historical victory over Oklahoma City. 1138 01:27:19,072 --> 01:27:21,992 I'm sure you realize our season is nearly over, 1139 01:27:22,034 --> 01:27:23,994 but today we received another letter from Wiley College, 1140 01:27:24,077 --> 01:27:26,497 written by Mr. Henry Lowe. 1141 01:27:26,580 --> 01:27:28,081 with an "e". 1142 01:27:28,165 --> 01:27:30,626 He told us from his student's prospective about your... 1143 01:27:31,126 --> 01:27:32,711 ...about your undefeated season. 1144 01:27:32,711 --> 01:27:34,630 - Well, we are not undefeted any more. - Doesn't matter. 1145 01:27:35,339 --> 01:27:37,883 We wish to extend an invitation to... 1146 01:27:50,437 --> 01:27:54,149 We wish to extend invitation to debate Harvard Crimson, 1147 01:27:54,942 --> 01:27:57,027 Here in Cambridge. 1148 01:27:57,069 --> 01:27:59,571 Let us know if this is agreeable to you. 1149 01:28:09,706 --> 01:28:11,583 - Don't tell anybody. - No. 1150 01:28:23,887 --> 01:28:25,472 You don't have to thank me. 1151 01:28:25,931 --> 01:28:28,892 - I just wanted to show you I could write too. - Yes, good. Thank you. 1152 01:28:30,853 --> 01:28:31,979 You could do me a favor. 1153 01:28:32,187 --> 01:28:33,480 What's that? 1154 01:28:37,276 --> 01:28:39,653 Keep Samantha on the team... 1155 01:28:41,989 --> 01:28:43,866 Why I wanna do that? 1156 01:28:43,907 --> 01:28:46,160 Mr. Tolson it was a rough night. 1157 01:28:46,160 --> 01:28:47,744 Yes it was, Mr. Lowe. 1158 01:28:48,328 --> 01:28:50,247 For all of us. 1159 01:28:50,789 --> 01:28:53,208 And she walked out on us at the last minute. 1160 01:28:53,250 --> 01:28:55,586 No, sir. She did not walk out on us. 1161 01:28:57,087 --> 01:28:59,506 She walked out on me. 1162 01:29:07,222 --> 01:29:09,224 It's a good tea. 1163 01:29:09,433 --> 01:29:10,684 Resolved: 1164 01:29:10,767 --> 01:29:15,063 Capitalism is a immoral. You will be arguing the affirmative. 1165 01:29:15,105 --> 01:29:17,566 To a bunch of Wall Street bankers. 1166 01:29:20,027 --> 01:29:22,696 Mr. Tolson, I owe you and my teammates... 1167 01:29:23,155 --> 01:29:26,200 You're late, come in, sit down. 1168 01:29:35,417 --> 01:29:36,919 Samantha, I am not... 1169 01:29:46,553 --> 01:29:48,430 Resolved. 1170 01:29:58,190 --> 01:30:01,985 You've got macaroni cheese, fried chicken, black peas for good luck, 1171 01:30:02,027 --> 01:30:05,405 red beans and rice, corn-bread, candy canes, I put some peach cutlet in there too. 1172 01:30:05,405 --> 01:30:09,535 And red pudding too. I know that you don't like pudding but I put it anyway. 1173 01:30:10,494 --> 01:30:11,954 Thank you, mom. 1174 01:30:11,995 --> 01:30:14,331 Good luck, son. 1175 01:30:16,583 --> 01:30:17,876 Dad... 1176 01:30:18,669 --> 01:30:20,087 Yes, Junior. 1177 01:30:24,091 --> 01:30:26,802 You get bolster by regards, yeah? 1178 01:30:26,844 --> 01:30:28,971 Yes sir. 1179 01:30:30,389 --> 01:30:32,141 Come on, train's leaving. 1180 01:30:32,224 --> 01:30:33,976 Coming. 1181 01:30:40,190 --> 01:30:41,733 - Bye mom. - Bye bye. 1182 01:30:45,696 --> 01:30:46,488 I love you. 1183 01:30:46,530 --> 01:30:49,449 We love you, too. 1184 01:30:58,625 --> 01:31:00,544 All aboard. 1185 01:31:02,254 --> 01:31:04,548 - I'm not going with you. - What? 1186 01:31:05,174 --> 01:31:07,759 I can not leave the state. It's a condition of my bail. 1187 01:31:07,801 --> 01:31:08,927 You can't let them stop you. 1188 01:31:08,969 --> 01:31:10,471 They're not stopping me. 1189 01:31:11,847 --> 01:31:14,850 I just don't wanna jeopardize your opportunity. 1190 01:31:15,809 --> 01:31:18,645 You did want without me, this is what you wanted to do all along. Isn't it? 1191 01:31:18,687 --> 01:31:20,230 It's right. 1192 01:31:20,314 --> 01:31:21,773 Why didn't you tell us before? 1193 01:31:21,857 --> 01:31:25,194 Because I didn't want to hear your arguments. I knew they'd be too good. 1194 01:31:32,117 --> 01:31:34,244 All right, Mr. Lowe. You are in charge. 1195 01:31:34,786 --> 01:31:37,539 Whatever your instinct will tell you, you listen. 1196 01:31:37,623 --> 01:31:39,958 - Yes, sir. - Let's go. 1197 01:31:44,379 --> 01:31:46,590 What we supposed to do without you? 1198 01:31:46,673 --> 01:31:48,759 Win. 1199 01:33:29,234 --> 01:33:31,445 I thought someone supposed to meet us. 1200 01:33:37,409 --> 01:33:39,620 - Wiley College? - Yes. 1201 01:33:39,703 --> 01:33:42,789 I'm Harland Osbourne. Harvard has put me in charge for the time you are here in Boston. 1202 01:33:43,415 --> 01:33:45,375 - Hi, I am Henry Lowe. - Mr. Lowe. 1203 01:33:45,417 --> 01:33:46,752 - James Farmer Junior. - Mr. Farmer. 1204 01:33:46,752 --> 01:33:48,921 - Samantha Booke. - Of course, Miss Booke. 1205 01:33:48,962 --> 01:33:51,131 We should be going. My car is up front. 1206 01:33:51,173 --> 01:33:52,966 - I've got it. - Thank you. 1207 01:33:53,008 --> 01:33:55,260 Just so you know we're staying on campus in Douglas Hall. 1208 01:33:55,302 --> 01:33:58,680 I got to tell you, this debate is stiring up a lot of excitement. 1209 01:33:59,473 --> 01:34:00,766 - Really? - Oh yeah. 1210 01:34:00,808 --> 01:34:02,935 It's gonna be broadcast all over America. 1211 01:34:03,185 --> 01:34:06,647 - Can we see where we gonna debate? - Of course. 1212 01:34:35,134 --> 01:34:38,137 Hello, Harvard. 1213 01:34:53,026 --> 01:34:54,319 Excuse me. 1214 01:34:54,444 --> 01:34:56,446 You suppose to be here? 1215 01:34:59,783 --> 01:35:02,744 I guess we'll find out. Won't we? 1216 01:35:23,140 --> 01:35:25,559 Look, Mr. Farmer. 1217 01:35:30,105 --> 01:35:31,940 5 dollars? 1218 01:35:31,940 --> 01:35:33,859 Lowe, I've got 5 dollars. 1219 01:35:33,901 --> 01:35:36,403 Yes, I did, too. It's called "per diem". 1220 01:35:37,571 --> 01:35:40,699 - Want me to hold it for you? - No, not my 5 dollars. 1221 01:35:47,289 --> 01:35:51,168 I've got 5 dollars. I've got 5 dollars. 1222 01:35:51,210 --> 01:35:52,336 Yeah, me too. 1223 01:35:52,377 --> 01:35:54,588 Well, mine is crisp. 1224 01:35:56,507 --> 01:35:59,843 James, this is high tea, all right? 1225 01:36:00,803 --> 01:36:05,140 We nibble, we do not devour. 1226 01:36:05,182 --> 01:36:06,850 How do you know? 1227 01:36:06,934 --> 01:36:08,560 I don't. 1228 01:36:10,020 --> 01:36:13,774 Hello, I'm Wilson. This is for you. 1229 01:36:14,650 --> 01:36:16,235 Thank you. 1230 01:36:20,030 --> 01:36:24,326 I can't accept that, sir. It would be inappropriate. 1231 01:36:29,832 --> 01:36:31,667 "To be inappropriate". 1232 01:36:33,585 --> 01:36:36,130 - Who this wrote? - From Harvard. 1233 01:36:36,171 --> 01:36:38,257 Maybe it's more money. 1234 01:36:38,549 --> 01:36:42,094 We have been informed, by Tau Kappa Gamma that your team delivers... 1235 01:36:43,220 --> 01:36:45,639 Canned speaches... 1236 01:36:45,681 --> 01:36:49,101 Arguments written by faculty rather then students. 1237 01:36:50,727 --> 01:36:54,398 Therefore we are changing the topic. You have the same amount of time 1238 01:36:54,565 --> 01:36:57,901 To write new arguments as the Harvard team. 48 hours. 1239 01:36:59,778 --> 01:37:02,447 Coaches helped students all the time. 1240 01:37:02,447 --> 01:37:03,740 Yes, sir. 1241 01:37:03,782 --> 01:37:06,743 Both teams will be delivered the same reference books. 1242 01:37:06,785 --> 01:37:11,748 A new topic: "Resolved: Civil disobedience is a moral weapon to fight for justice." 1243 01:37:11,790 --> 01:37:14,501 Wiley College will be arguing the affirmative. 1244 01:37:14,543 --> 01:37:15,627 Thank you, sir. 1245 01:37:19,047 --> 01:37:20,966 I can't reach Mr. Tolson. 1246 01:37:21,008 --> 01:37:22,468 Nobody knows where he is. 1247 01:37:22,551 --> 01:37:24,636 He sent us up to loose. 1248 01:37:24,678 --> 01:37:26,013 We can't win without him. 1249 01:37:26,013 --> 01:37:30,517 You're wrong. We can't win without him. 1250 01:37:33,395 --> 01:37:35,105 Thoreau? 1251 01:37:42,154 --> 01:37:43,989 Here is your coffee, sir. 1252 01:37:44,072 --> 01:37:45,365 Thank you, Mr. Wilson. 1253 01:37:45,407 --> 01:37:47,117 Just Wilson. 1254 01:37:47,868 --> 01:37:51,079 Thank you, Wilson. 1255 01:37:52,456 --> 01:37:54,458 - Well, you have to use the mass... - But is that... 1256 01:37:54,500 --> 01:37:59,171 Agreed, James. But we'll save it for the red button. We gonna save the best for last. 1257 01:37:59,213 --> 01:38:01,924 Because you have to... You have to lead the audience... 1258 01:38:03,175 --> 01:38:06,220 I think we should include this Ghandi concept with Satyagraha... 1259 01:38:06,220 --> 01:38:10,974 I don't agree. I don't think people can understand Satyagarha... or Such a gar... 1260 01:38:12,309 --> 01:38:17,773 Satyagraha. From the Sanskrit, meaning truth and fairness. 1261 01:38:25,781 --> 01:38:27,324 I told you. 1262 01:38:27,658 --> 01:38:30,494 It's obvious to me that we should begin debate with Ghandi. 1263 01:38:30,577 --> 01:38:31,745 That's exactly what I won't do it. 1264 01:38:31,829 --> 01:38:33,038 Why should I do the obvious thing? 1265 01:38:33,080 --> 01:38:34,414 Because that's what wins debate. 1266 01:38:34,414 --> 01:38:36,625 Listen to what you're saying. This is Harvard, ok? 1267 01:38:36,667 --> 01:38:39,920 The first thing you think when you say "disobedience"...What's the first thing? 1268 01:38:40,003 --> 01:38:41,380 That's why we chose Ghandhi! He's a strong poet. 1269 01:38:41,421 --> 01:38:42,881 I wanna win. Do you wanna win? 1270 01:38:42,965 --> 01:38:43,882 Yes, I wanna win. 1271 01:38:45,467 --> 01:38:47,344 This is not getting us the way out. 1272 01:38:47,469 --> 01:38:50,013 Tolson told me I was in charge. Ain't put you in charge. 1273 01:38:50,013 --> 01:38:52,391 He put me in charge, so I make the decision. 1274 01:38:52,474 --> 01:38:54,810 We will not starting with Ghandi. 1275 01:38:55,602 --> 01:38:57,104 You act like a kid! 1276 01:38:57,146 --> 01:38:59,064 - You are a kid. - You are an idiot. 1277 01:38:59,106 --> 01:39:01,191 - Am I an idiot? - Yes, you are an idiot. 1278 01:39:01,233 --> 01:39:04,153 To hell with you, to hell with this debate. 1279 01:39:05,195 --> 01:39:08,407 To hell with me? Just because I've just leaved you? 1280 01:39:14,496 --> 01:39:15,914 Crazy, you! 1281 01:39:22,004 --> 01:39:24,756 - He's coming back, isn't he? - See if I care. 1282 01:41:31,842 --> 01:41:34,136 You're beautiful when you sleep. 1283 01:41:47,357 --> 01:41:48,859 Yes, I know, I know... 1284 01:41:48,901 --> 01:41:51,778 But she ain't stop me from looking at you. 1285 01:41:52,654 --> 01:41:54,907 Shut up and go to bed. 1286 01:41:56,366 --> 01:41:58,494 James, come on, wake up. 1287 01:41:58,535 --> 01:41:59,953 No. 1288 01:42:00,704 --> 01:42:02,289 James... 1289 01:42:07,127 --> 01:42:09,254 Come on James, get up. 1290 01:42:15,010 --> 01:42:16,512 What? 1291 01:42:21,308 --> 01:42:22,810 What is this? 1292 01:42:24,186 --> 01:42:26,146 That's my notes. 1293 01:42:27,189 --> 01:42:29,274 Why are you giving on to me for? 1294 01:42:29,316 --> 01:42:31,819 Because you're debating, not me. 1295 01:42:32,569 --> 01:42:34,321 What? 1296 01:42:34,738 --> 01:42:36,448 It's your turn, James. 1297 01:42:36,490 --> 01:42:38,283 You're serious? 1298 01:42:39,243 --> 01:42:41,954 - You're crazy. - 14 is just as good as me. 1299 01:42:41,995 --> 01:42:43,205 Judges will love you. 1300 01:42:43,247 --> 01:42:44,748 No, you can't quit. 1301 01:42:44,790 --> 01:42:47,000 I'm not quitting Samantha. 1302 01:42:48,919 --> 01:42:52,548 Tolson made me captain, and I said that you are ready. 1303 01:42:54,424 --> 01:42:56,510 You saw me at Howard, it was horrible. 1304 01:42:56,552 --> 01:42:59,763 That's right. You did it horrible, didn't you? Stuck-up the whole joint. Right? 1305 01:42:59,847 --> 01:43:03,100 So she just quit, right? She just give up? 1306 01:43:05,811 --> 01:43:07,229 No. 1307 01:43:12,526 --> 01:43:14,820 Who is the judge? 1308 01:43:15,696 --> 01:43:17,030 What? 1309 01:43:17,030 --> 01:43:19,533 Who is the judge? 1310 01:43:21,451 --> 01:43:23,620 Judge is God. 1311 01:43:24,371 --> 01:43:26,790 And why is he God? 1312 01:43:29,084 --> 01:43:33,213 Because he decides who wins or loses, not my opponent. 1313 01:43:34,047 --> 01:43:36,467 Who is your opponent? 1314 01:43:36,550 --> 01:43:39,136 He doesn't exist. 1315 01:43:39,178 --> 01:43:41,346 Why doesn't he exist? 1316 01:43:41,930 --> 01:43:46,643 Because he is a mute dissenting voice of the truth I speak! 1317 01:43:48,770 --> 01:43:51,940 That's right. Speak the truth! 1318 01:43:54,151 --> 01:43:58,238 /Direct from Harvard, Memorial Hall /in Cambridge Massachusetts, 1319 01:43:58,280 --> 01:44:03,911 /This is the WNBC Radio, bringing /to you live tonight's history, making debate... 1320 01:44:03,994 --> 01:44:07,122 /Between little Wiley College, /from Marshall Texas, 1321 01:44:07,164 --> 01:44:09,458 /And the Harvard University /debate team. 1322 01:44:10,501 --> 01:44:14,296 /The first time ever a negro college /has faced the national champions. 1323 01:44:14,379 --> 01:44:17,216 /Harvard's Dean and students are making their ways to the podium now. 1324 01:44:17,299 --> 01:44:18,383 /The crowd as if were cued fall silent. 1325 01:44:20,969 --> 01:44:22,763 /On this historical occasion... 1326 01:44:22,846 --> 01:44:25,557 /We welcome the distinguished /team from Wiley College, 1327 01:44:25,724 --> 01:44:31,480 /the illustrious judges, you, the audience, /and through the wonder of radio, the nation. 1328 01:44:32,981 --> 01:44:36,360 Harvard University celebrates its 300th anniversary this year. 1329 01:44:36,985 --> 01:44:41,532 And in Franklin Delano Roosevelt, its 5th President of the US. 1330 01:44:41,573 --> 01:44:45,410 /But no University, no matter how grand or august in its history 1331 01:44:45,452 --> 01:44:47,871 /Can't afford to live in the past, 1332 01:44:47,955 --> 01:44:51,041 /So in the spirit of tomorrow... 1333 01:44:52,084 --> 01:44:55,462 /I introduce to you today... 1334 01:44:56,505 --> 01:44:58,715 The debaters from Wiley College, 1335 01:44:58,715 --> 01:45:01,802 Miss Samantha Booke Mr. James Farmer Junior. 1336 01:45:02,719 --> 01:45:03,887 What? 1337 01:45:13,272 --> 01:45:16,567 Mr. Farmer will argue the first affirmative. 1338 01:45:35,752 --> 01:45:38,213 Resolved: 1339 01:45:38,338 --> 01:45:43,427 Civil disobedience is a moral weapon in the fight for justice. 1340 01:45:44,511 --> 01:45:47,598 But how can disobedience ever be moral? 1341 01:45:48,140 --> 01:45:51,935 I guess that's depend on one's definition of the words. 1342 01:45:53,270 --> 01:45:54,480 Word. 1343 01:45:56,440 --> 01:46:00,444 In 1919 in India, 10,000 people gathered in Amritsar... 1344 01:46:00,486 --> 01:46:03,280 to protest the tyranny of British rule. 1345 01:46:03,322 --> 01:46:04,239 Has it started? 1346 01:46:04,156 --> 01:46:06,116 Your brother's talking, just sit down. 1347 01:46:06,200 --> 01:46:09,578 /General Reginald Dyer, /traped them in a courtyard, 1348 01:46:09,620 --> 01:46:13,582 And ordered his troops to fire into the crowd for 10 minutes. 1349 01:46:15,709 --> 01:46:17,669 379 died. 1350 01:46:18,921 --> 01:46:23,509 /Men, women, children, /shot down in cold blood. 1351 01:46:24,468 --> 01:46:27,763 Dyer said he taught them a moral lesson. 1352 01:46:29,014 --> 01:46:32,392 Ghandhi and his followers responded not with violence, 1353 01:46:32,434 --> 01:46:36,104 But with organised campaign of non-cooperation. 1354 01:46:38,106 --> 01:46:40,234 /Government buildings were occupied, 1355 01:46:40,275 --> 01:46:43,070 /Streets were blocked by people /who refused to rise. 1356 01:46:43,111 --> 01:46:45,531 /Even being beaten by police. 1357 01:46:45,614 --> 01:46:47,407 Ghandhi was arrested. 1358 01:46:47,449 --> 01:46:50,118 But the British were soon forced to release him. 1359 01:46:51,078 --> 01:46:53,997 He called it "a moral victory". 1360 01:46:55,999 --> 01:46:58,168 The definition of moral: 1361 01:46:58,210 --> 01:47:01,797 Dyer's lesson, or Ghandi's victory? 1362 01:47:02,798 --> 01:47:04,550 You choose. 1363 01:47:22,401 --> 01:47:24,736 From 1914 to 1918, 1364 01:47:25,445 --> 01:47:28,866 For every single minute the world was at war. 1365 01:47:30,450 --> 01:47:33,912 4 men laid down their lives. 1366 01:47:34,788 --> 01:47:36,874 Just think of it. 1367 01:47:36,915 --> 01:47:40,085 240 brave young men... 1368 01:47:40,127 --> 01:47:43,755 Were hurled into eternity every hour of every day, 1369 01:47:44,465 --> 01:47:47,676 Of every night for 4 long years. 1370 01:47:50,637 --> 01:47:53,599 35,000 hours. 1371 01:47:54,183 --> 01:47:59,480 8,281,000 casualties. 1372 01:48:02,566 --> 01:48:04,193 240. 1373 01:48:05,777 --> 01:48:07,779 240. 1374 01:48:09,364 --> 01:48:10,991 240. 1375 01:48:11,700 --> 01:48:16,455 Here was a slaughter immeasurable greater that what happened in Amritsar. 1376 01:48:18,665 --> 01:48:21,794 Can be anything moral about it? 1377 01:48:22,711 --> 01:48:24,379 Nothing. 1378 01:48:24,713 --> 01:48:29,301 Except that it stopped Germany from enslaving all of Europe. 1379 01:48:29,384 --> 01:48:32,930 Civil disobedience isn't moral because it's non-violent. 1380 01:48:33,013 --> 01:48:38,060 Fighting for your country with violence can be deeply moral. 1381 01:48:38,685 --> 01:48:42,064 Demanding the greatest sacrifice of all. 1382 01:48:44,149 --> 01:48:46,068 Life itself. 1383 01:48:46,568 --> 01:48:50,155 Non-violence, is the mask civil disobedience wears 1384 01:48:50,197 --> 01:48:52,741 to conceal it's true face. 1385 01:48:53,867 --> 01:48:55,619 Anarchy. 1386 01:49:07,965 --> 01:49:10,676 /Ghandhi believes one must always act 1387 01:49:10,717 --> 01:49:13,137 /With love and respect for ones opponents. 1388 01:49:13,178 --> 01:49:16,557 /Even if they are Harvard debaters. 1389 01:49:17,558 --> 01:49:20,185 /Ghandhi also believes that law-breakers... 1390 01:49:20,227 --> 01:49:23,939 Must accept the legal consequences for their actions. 1391 01:49:24,565 --> 01:49:27,151 Does it sound like anarchy? 1392 01:49:27,234 --> 01:49:31,363 Civil disobedience is not something for us to fear. 1393 01:49:32,531 --> 01:49:35,159 It is after all an American concept. 1394 01:49:35,701 --> 01:49:39,663 You see, Ghandhi draws his inspiration not from a Hindu Scripture, 1395 01:49:39,746 --> 01:49:44,084 But from Henry David Thoreau who I believe graduated from Harvard, 1396 01:49:44,126 --> 01:49:48,005 And lived by upon not too far from here. 1397 01:49:54,553 --> 01:49:57,264 My opponent is right about one thing. 1398 01:49:57,764 --> 01:50:00,309 Thoreau was a Harvard grade, 1399 01:50:00,392 --> 01:50:02,686 And like many of us, 1400 01:50:03,437 --> 01:50:05,939 A bit self-righteous. 1401 01:50:08,108 --> 01:50:10,402 He once said: 1402 01:50:10,402 --> 01:50:12,988 /"Any man more right than his neighbors... 1403 01:50:13,030 --> 01:50:16,241 /...constitutes a majority of one." 1404 01:50:16,700 --> 01:50:19,244 Thoreau, the idealist, could never know, 1405 01:50:21,121 --> 01:50:24,917 That Adolf Hitler would agree with his words. 1406 01:50:26,376 --> 01:50:30,297 The beauty and burden of democracy is this: 1407 01:50:30,380 --> 01:50:35,135 "No idea prevails without the support of the majority". 1408 01:50:35,177 --> 01:50:38,013 The people decide the moral issues of the day, 1409 01:50:38,055 --> 01:50:40,724 Not a majority of one. 1410 01:50:40,766 --> 01:50:44,728 Majorities do not decide what is right or wrong. 1411 01:50:44,770 --> 01:50:46,980 Your conscience does. 1412 01:50:47,856 --> 01:50:52,069 So why should us citizens surrender his the whole conscience 1413 01:50:52,361 --> 01:50:54,404 /To a legacy. 1414 01:50:54,488 --> 01:50:58,283 /We must never, ever kneel down... 1415 01:50:58,325 --> 01:51:02,663 Before the tyranny of a majority. 1416 01:51:09,419 --> 01:51:13,298 We can't decide which laws to obey, which to ignore. 1417 01:51:13,423 --> 01:51:17,511 If we could, I'd never stop for a red light. 1418 01:51:19,847 --> 01:51:24,518 My father is one of those men that stand between us and chaos. 1419 01:51:25,853 --> 01:51:28,397 A police officer. 1420 01:51:28,438 --> 01:51:30,858 I remember the day his partner, 1421 01:51:31,608 --> 01:51:33,318 /His best friend... 1422 01:51:33,652 --> 01:51:36,655 /Was gunned down in the line of duty. 1423 01:51:39,241 --> 01:51:44,246 Most vividly of all, I remember the expression on my dads face. 1424 01:51:47,207 --> 01:51:48,792 Nothing... 1425 01:51:48,834 --> 01:51:50,961 That erodes the rule of law 1426 01:51:51,003 --> 01:51:52,963 can be moral. 1427 01:51:53,172 --> 01:51:56,133 No matter what name we give it. 1428 01:52:46,475 --> 01:52:48,519 Why doesn't he say something? 1429 01:53:04,952 --> 01:53:07,121 In Texas... 1430 01:53:08,872 --> 01:53:11,291 ...they lynch negroes. 1431 01:53:12,751 --> 01:53:14,795 My teammate and I... 1432 01:53:14,878 --> 01:53:17,422 Saw a man strung by his neck. 1433 01:53:18,715 --> 01:53:21,468 and set on fire. 1434 01:53:22,970 --> 01:53:25,848 We drove to a lynch mob. 1435 01:53:27,141 --> 01:53:30,394 We pressed our faces against the floor board. 1436 01:53:33,897 --> 01:53:36,400 I looked at my teammates. 1437 01:53:37,651 --> 01:53:39,862 I saw the fear in their eyes. 1438 01:53:42,364 --> 01:53:46,994 And worse, the shame. 1439 01:53:49,496 --> 01:53:52,124 What was this negro's crime? 1440 01:53:52,166 --> 01:53:57,171 That he should be hung without trial in a dark forest filled with fog. 1441 01:53:59,089 --> 01:54:00,966 Was he a thief? 1442 01:54:01,800 --> 01:54:03,760 Was he a killer? 1443 01:54:04,720 --> 01:54:06,930 Or just a negro? 1444 01:54:08,724 --> 01:54:10,851 Was he a sharecropper? 1445 01:54:11,727 --> 01:54:13,312 A preacher? 1446 01:54:14,354 --> 01:54:16,732 Were his children waiting up for him? 1447 01:54:18,942 --> 01:54:21,570 And who are we to just lie there 1448 01:54:21,820 --> 01:54:24,281 And do nothing. 1449 01:54:26,825 --> 01:54:30,913 No matter what he did, the mob was the criminal. 1450 01:54:31,789 --> 01:54:33,707 But the law did nothing, 1451 01:54:34,416 --> 01:54:37,461 Just left us wondering: Why? 1452 01:54:44,676 --> 01:54:46,512 My opponent says: 1453 01:54:46,720 --> 01:54:50,057 "Nothing that erodes the rule of law can be moral." 1454 01:54:50,849 --> 01:54:52,935 But there is no rule of law in the Jim Crow South. 1455 01:54:52,976 --> 01:54:54,812 Not, when negroes are denied to housing, 1456 01:54:54,853 --> 01:54:57,523 turned away from schools, hospitals, 1457 01:54:57,606 --> 01:55:00,901 And not, when we are lynched. 1458 01:55:04,822 --> 01:55:07,032 St. Augustine said: 1459 01:55:07,074 --> 01:55:10,494 "An unjust law is no law at all." 1460 01:55:11,245 --> 01:55:15,374 Which means I have a right, even a duty to resist. 1461 01:55:18,001 --> 01:55:22,214 With violence or civil disobedience... 1462 01:55:27,511 --> 01:55:30,973 You should pray I choose the latter. 1463 01:56:01,795 --> 01:56:03,130 /In tonight debate... 1464 01:56:03,172 --> 01:56:05,549 /Between Harvard University, 1465 01:56:06,383 --> 01:56:09,011 /And Wiley College. 1466 01:56:11,805 --> 01:56:14,558 And the winner is... 1467 01:56:36,830 --> 01:56:39,792 Wiley College. 1468 01:58:01,415 --> 01:58:04,209 Just 7 years later in 1942 James Farmer Junior 1469 01:58:05,043 --> 01:58:08,005 founded the Congress of Racial Equality. 1470 01:58:08,505 --> 01:58:11,508 And became a leader in the civil rights movement. 1471 01:58:14,636 --> 01:58:17,264 After a long life of teaching and writing. 1472 01:58:17,806 --> 01:58:20,976 James Farmer Sr. passed away in 1961. 1473 01:58:22,060 --> 01:58:24,897 on the day before Samantha Booke, a lawyer, 1474 01:58:25,481 --> 01:58:27,900 took the first Freedom Ride to Alabama. 1475 01:58:30,277 --> 01:58:32,571 Henry Lowe went on study theology 1476 01:58:33,030 --> 01:58:35,657 at the University of California. 1477 01:58:36,074 --> 01:58:38,619 and became a minister. 1478 01:58:41,580 --> 01:58:44,500 Melvin Tolson became a world renowned poet. 1479 01:58:44,958 --> 01:58:48,128 He continued his work with Southern Tenant Farmers' Union. 1480 01:58:48,712 --> 01:58:53,300 By the end of 1936, it had 31,000 members in seven states. 1481 01:58:56,929 --> 01:59:01,725 For ten years the Wiley College debate team went undefeated.